Laponite Nanodisks as an Efficient Platform for Doxorubicin Delivery to Cancer Cells

Abstract

We report a facile approach to using laponite (LAP) nanodisks as a platform for efficient delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to cancer cells. In this study, DOX was encapsulated into the interlayer space of LAP through an ionic exchange process with an exceptionally high loading efficiency of 98.3 ± 0.77%. The successful DOX loading was extensively characterized via different methods. In vitro drug release study shows that the release of DOX from LAP/DOX nanodisks is pH-dependent, and DOX is released at a quicker rate at acidic pH condition (pH = 5.4) than at physiological pH condition. Importantly, cell viability assay results reveal that LAP/DOX nanodisks display a much higher therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting the growth of a model cancer cell line (human epithelial carcinoma cells, KB cells) than free DOX drug at the same DOX concentration. The enhanced antitumor efficacy is primarily due to the much more cellular uptake of the LAP/DOX nanodisks than that of free DOX, which has been confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometry analysis. The high DOX payload and enhanced antitumor efficacy render LAP nanodisks as a robust carrier system for different biomedical applications.

Multifold Fluorescence Enhancement in Nanoscopic Fluorophore–Clay Hybrids in Transparent Aqueous Media

“…[20] Hence, in the future, the enhanced uptake of choline in cancer cells combined with the carrier capabilities of nanoclays may prove to be av aluable, added benefit to choline + -laponite hybrids in chemotherapeutics and as optical probes. [21] As opposed to the more fundamental, preliminary report on the observation of fluorescencef rom aqueous Nile Red laponite hybrids, the present report suggestsanovel andp owerful, yet easy-to-apply co-adsorption concept, which holds the promise to become ap owerful tool beyond clay hybrids for other nanoscaled systems as well. The search for suitable additives for example, Lumogen Red, phthalocyanines and rare earth b-diketonate hybrids with nanoclays or even other carriers hast he potential to grant access to numerousw aterborne applicationso ft hese fascinating nanomaterials.…”

Scope of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery

“…A study showed that by using laponite (LAP) nanodisks effective transport of doxorubicin (DOX) to cancer cells can take place [19]. Ion exchange process was used to encapsulate DOX into the interlayer space of LAP, in this study the results showed a greater therapeutic efficacy in hindering the growth of a model cancer cell line than free DOX drug at the similar concentration [19].…”

Injectable 2D MoS2‐Integrated Drug Delivering Implant for Highly Efficient NIR‐Triggered Synergistic Tumor Hyperthermia

“…About 18.9% of DOX was released after 96 h incubation at acidic pH condition (pH = 5.4, simulates the acidic tumor microenvironment), while only 9.4% of DOX was released at physiological pH at the same time point. DOX molecules will transform into a soluble DOX.HCl salt form under an acidic pH (pH = 5.4), [ 18 ] thus, the acidic tumor extracellular environment and organelles (e.g., endosomes and lysosomes: pH = 5.0-5.5) can trigger the fast release rate of DOX. [ 17,19 ] Due to the hydrophobic nature of PLGA, the encapsulated DOX molecules have less chance to contact and release into the surrounded water, thus, the release of encapsulated DOX is relatively slow even at acidic pH condition.…”