LAO-3D: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3D Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application

Abstract

Data transmissions between smartphone users require security solutions to protect communications. Hence, encryption is an important tool that must be associated with smartphones to keep the user’s data safe. One proven solution to enhance the security of encryption algorithms is by using 3D designs on symmetric block ciphers. Although a 3D cipher design could improve the algorithms, the existing methods enlarge the block sizes that will also expand the key sizes and encryption rounds, thus decreasing their efficiency. Therefore, we propose the LAO-3D block cipher using a 3D permutation that offers security by providing confusion and diffusion characteristics. Five security analyses were conducted to assess the strengths of LAO-3D. The findings suggest that LAO-3D achieves better results compared to other existing lightweight block ciphers, with 98.2% non-linearity, 50% bit error rates for both plaintext and key modifications, surpasses 100% of the randomness test, and is immune to differential and linear cryptanalysis attacks. Moreover, the block cipher obtains competitive performance results in software applications. From the security analyses and performance tests, it is proven that LAO-3D can provide sufficient security at low costs in mobile encryption applications.

A Chunked and Disordered Data Privacy Protection Algorithm: Application to Resource Platform Systems

“…Encryption algorithms in cryptography are usually divided into two categories: symmetric encryption methods and asymmetric encryption methods [18][19][20][21]. Symmetric encryption algorithms can be divided into public-key encryption (PKE) and private-key encryption (PKE), both of which are effective methods for securing data.…”

A Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to Secure Iot Devices

“…This test is used to examine the non-linear feature. By using the cipher text generated from specific input data, the correlation coefficient R is calculated from equation ( 2), ( Zakaria et al, 2022).…”

“…AE is the avalanche effect between the cipher text and the plain text and is calculated according to equation (1). The acceptable result ranges for the correlation coefficients, which have values between -1 and +1, are shown in Table 3 (Zakaria et al, 2022).…”

“…1)Two different methods are used in this evaluation(Banani et al, 2021) (Zakaria et al, 2022), the plaintext sensitivity test and the key sensitivity test. To evaluate the produced ciphertext, the plaintext sensitivity test is used.…”

Meet-in-the-Middle Differential Fault Analysis on ITUbee Block Cipher

“…With the popularization and development of computer network technology, cryptographic techniques have been widely used to ensure the confidentiality or integrity of messages and the authenticity of communication parties. However, for many resourceconstrained devices such as mobile phones, public transport systems, smart cards, RFID tags, and Internet of Things devices, the majority of which employ lightweight cryptographic algorithms [1,2], these devices are convenient yet vulnerable. The sensitive information within them might be easily exposed by adversaries through side-channel analysis because of the vulnerability of physical information.…”