Lanthanides: Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Abstract

Lanthanide complexes are of increasing importance in cancer diagnosis and therapy, owing to the versatile chemical and magnetic properties of the lanthanide-ion 4f electronic configuration. Following the first implementation of gadolinium(III)-based contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging in the 1980s, lanthanide-based small molecules and nanomaterials have been investigated as cytotoxic agents and inhibitors, in photodynamic therapy, radiation therapy, drug/gene delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging. As the potential utility of lanthanides in these areas continues to increase, this timely perspective of current applications will be useful to medicinal chemists and other investigators interested in the latest developments and trends in this emerging field.

Nanoscale “fluorescent stone”: Luminescent Calcium Fluoride Nanoparticles as Theranostic Platforms

“…(iii) CaF 2 can easily be doped with lanthanide ions. The radius of Ca 2+ is quite close to those of lanthanide ions ( Table 1 ), which makes CaF 2 a unique candidate for a luminescent matrix for lanthanide dopants that offers enriched luminescence properties for cancer diagnosis and therapy 39. CaF 2 was used as an attractive host for phosphors with interesting up/down-conversion luminescent properties 40-42.…”

Chelating agents for radiolanthanides: Applications to imaging and therapy

“…23 Also of relevance, are a number of previous reviews that summarise therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (which includes some coverage of 153 Sm and 166 Ho), 24 prospective theranostics, 25 as well more specific topics such as radiopharmaceuticals for palliative care of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone, where 153 Sm has particular relevance. 26 While the breadth of 177 Lu application to the development of radiopharmaceuticals has been recently documented in detail, 27 we will highlight some (topical) examples of its coordination chemistry and application.…”

Synthesis, Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enoyl-acyl Carrier Protein Reductase and Antimycobacterial Activity of Novel Pentacyanoferrate(II)-isonicotinoylhydrazones

“…20 It is important to mention that the broad uses of metals and the importance of their complexes in the medical area has increased over the years. 21 Metal-based complexes have showed advantages over small organic compounds such as improved aqueous solubility, controlled release, optimized pharmacokinetic parameters, specific tumor delivery and long-term anticancer efficiency prompting us to keep trying to develop a metal-containing anti-TB drug. 21 Herein, some IQG607 analogs were synthesized and evaluated as possible inhibitors of MtInhA-catalyzed reactions.…”

“…21 Metal-based complexes have showed advantages over small organic compounds such as improved aqueous solubility, controlled release, optimized pharmacokinetic parameters, specific tumor delivery and long-term anticancer efficiency prompting us to keep trying to develop a metal-containing anti-TB drug. 21 Herein, some IQG607 analogs were synthesized and evaluated as possible inhibitors of MtInhA-catalyzed reactions. The enhancement of the electron density on the hydrazide group could improve the stability of the proposed radical and, hopefully, lead to better MtInhA-inhibition properties.…”