Language Maintenance or Language Shift? The Role of Religion in a Hakka Catholic Community in Malaysia

Wang, Xiaomei

doi:10.1080/19313152.2016.1192850

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Where religious practice does not take minority languages into consideration, the result can be a reinforcement of pressures to shift to another, more dominant language. Wang (2016) argues that the decision by Malaysian Catholic churches to use Mandarin rather than Hakka in its liturgy has contributed to the loss of Hakka in the community, as it has influenced local language ideologies about the value and role of Hakka and has affected the linguistic ecology in which Hakka exits. Corson (1999) argues that schools can construct environments of inequality for minority language speakers because they are routinely environments where the dominant group exercises power.…”

Section: Religious Organisations As Language Maintenance Policy Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

17 Language policy and planning for language maintenance: The macro and meso levels

Liddicoat¹

2020

Handbook of Home Language Maintenance and Development

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Section: Religious Organisations As Language Maintenance Policy Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

17 Language policy and planning for language maintenance: The macro and meso levels

Liddicoat¹

2020

Handbook of Home Language Maintenance and Development

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“…Most Chinese schools shifted from ethnic Chinese languages to Mandarin in the 1920s (Sam & Wang, 2011;Wang, 2012Wang, , 2016. Speaking non-Mandarin Chinese languages in Chinese schools was not encouraged and the policy started to influence students so much that Cantonese, Hakka, or Hokkien were not appreciated.…”

Section: Mandarin Is Replacing Hakka In Hakka Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Language Policy in a Hakka Community in Sabah, Malaysia

Liao¹

2020

JML

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Hakka has been the lingua franca used among various Chinese groups in Sabah, Malaysia, since the 1950s. Economic development and de-emphasis on ethnic identity within Chinese communities throughout Malaysia is now forcing Sabah Hakkas to confront external pressures on their language and culture. Language shift from Hakka is in progress as young Hakkas prefer speaking Mandarin, while their parents feel responsible for maintaining Hakka. This article presents a case study of family language policies in four Hakka families in Sabah. Whether a particular language is used in the family and passed down to the next generation is one of the significant points of enquiry in studying language shift. In this study, parents' ethnic identity, children's language choices, and the factors affecting family language policy are examined. The findings show that the quintessence of Hakka culture in Sabah is the Hakka language, and this helps to keep the language alive at home. However, concern for children's education and wider social factors such as globalisation, economic changes and the media are influencing language practices in Hakka families.

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“…Furthermore, according to Alias, DeWitt, & Siraj (2013) that language maintenance is language maintenance referring to situations of language contact in which minority groups continue to use their language even under conditions that might support language shifting. Different according to Wang (2016) that language maintenance is one of the influences of religion in language, especially in the context of immigration. Likewise according to Alias, DeWitt, & Siraj (2013) that in educational policy, the main purpose of language is to maintain culture and build respect for other languages and cultures.…”

Section: Language Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sundanese Language Maintenance in Cianjur City (Ethnographic Research)

Kurniawati

Emzir

Akhadiah

2020

int.jour.sci.res.mana.

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This research aims to analyse the process of the Sundanese language maintenance in the city of Cianjur, West Java Province by using ethnographic methods. The focus of observations based on the classification of five subfocuses, which is the choice of language and the domain of use, the language attitude of the speakers, factors that threaten the existence of Sundanese language, the preservation of Sundanese language, and the vitality of Sundanese the results showed; (1) The domain of the use, the speech between parents and children in Sundanese, on Wednesday using Sundanese language among employees, the process of marriage in Sundanese language except when the Indonesian government, and the process of trading also using Sundanese language, (2) Language attitudes, Sundanese speakers are positive towards the language, and the government protects the Sundanese language based on local laws and regulations, (3) Threatening factors, internal factors include weakening transmission of regional cultural values, regional languages into marginal language (e.g., in the educational curriculum as local content taught only two hours of lessons in a week), lack of awareness of the young generation in preserving the regional language while external factors are modernization and globalization, the existence of foreign language in Indonesian, and cultural domination, (4) Preservation efforts, foster positive attitude, loyalty, pride, awareness of the language norms of Sundanese, the use of everyday Sundanese language, the presence of inter-generational transmissions, the use of Sundanese in public spaces, a deeper loading of the curriculum, the absorption of vocabulary from various languages, cultural festivals and literacy, and (5) The vitality of the Sundanese language at age groups of 0-14 years tends to the younger generation still uses the Sundanese language when it says to children, but the children sometimes answer the Indonesian language, the vitality of the Sundanese language in the language that serves as a bilingual equality or Multilingual decline.

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Language Maintenance or Language Shift? The Role of Religion in a Hakka Catholic Community in Malaysia

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

17 Language policy and planning for language maintenance: The macro and meso levels

17 Language policy and planning for language maintenance: The macro and meso levels

Family Language Policy in a Hakka Community in Sabah, Malaysia

Sundanese Language Maintenance in Cianjur City (Ethnographic Research)

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