Language in Dementia

Cummings, Louise

doi:10.1017/9781108587921

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 573 publications

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“…‘the cookies must be pretty good they’re eating’) or vocabulary (e.g. saying ‘bench’ instead of ‘stool’) (Cummings 2020 ). At later stages of dementia, patients may lose the capacity for verbal expression altogether.…”

Section: Non-verbal Testimonial Injustice and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemic Injustice in Late-Stage Dementia: A Case for Non-Verbal Testimonial Injustice

Spencer

2022

Social Epistemology

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The literature on epistemic injustice has thus far confined the concept of testimonial injustice to speech expressions such as inquiring, discussing, deliberating, and, above all, telling. I propose that it is time to broaden the horizons of testimonial injustice to include a wider range of expressions. Controversially, the form of communication I have in mind is non-verbal expression. Non-verbal expression is a vital, though often overlooked, form of communication, particularly for people who have certain neurocognitive disorders. Dependency upon non-verbal expression is a common feature of some forms of neurocognitive disorders such as ‘intellectual disabilities’, autism and late-stage dementia. According to the narrow definition of testimonial injustice currently championed in the literature, people who express non-verbally are exempt from testimonial injustice. However, when we consider cases where meaningful communications from non-verbal people are dismissed or ignored in virtue of identity prejudice, there seems to be a distinct testimonial harm at play. Using late-stage dementia as a case study, I argue that the definition of testimonial injustice should be expanded to include all communicative practices, whether verbal or non-verbal, to encompass the epistemic harms inflicted upon some of the most marginalised in our society.

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Section: Non-verbal Testimonial Injustice and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemic Injustice in Late-Stage Dementia: A Case for Non-Verbal Testimonial Injustice

Spencer

2022

Social Epistemology

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“…In some cases, not just in the Primary progressive aphasias (PPA), deficits of language are early symptoms indicating the disease (De Lira et al, 2011). Language impoverishment in dementia can take many forms, such as word-finding problems (anomia) as well as simplification of grammar and sentence comprehension deficits (Cummings, 2020). In conversation, PWD have a lower frequency of conversational features that build coherence and cohesion, and a higher frequency of discourse-impairing features such as disturbing topic shifts and empty phrases compared to healthy controls (Dijkstra et al, 2004).…”

Section: Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction and Language Assessment in Aphasia and Dementia : A Comparative Perspective

Myrberg

2022

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Language problems in dementia resemble the symptoms of aphasia in many respects. A growing body of research discusses the cognitive deficits associated with aphasia. Despite common denominators, very little is written with a comparative perspective on the two clinical groups. Although speech and language pathologists (SLPs) play a central role in aphasia care, they are not routinely involved in healthcare services for dementia. By tradition, language assessments tend to be test-oriented, even though there is an awareness of the advantages with informal assessment approaches. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine interaction in persons with aphasia (PWA) and persons with dementia (PWD) in test conversation and more informal conversations. The thesis has an interactional focus with a comparative perspective on the two clinical groups, on conversational contexts, and on test results with reference to SLP services.Study I, involving ten PWA, and study II, involving ten PWD, had similar approaches, investigating the organization of interaction between the participants and SLPs in test conversations and in more informal conversations. Furthermore, the participants' interactional abilities were related to their actual test results on expressive tasks on an aphasia test battery. Study III involved detailed analyses of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test interaction for both PWA and PWD. Additionally, the study set out to explore the relationship between linguistic and cognitive difficulties, in relation to assessments. Study IV investigated instances of trouble in conversations involving PWA/PWD and SLPs, with a particular focus on "trouble domain" and interactional consequences.The results of study I and II demonstrated substantial differences between the organization of interaction in test conversations and informal conversations, regardless of whom they involved. The informal conversations provided opportunities for the PWA/PWD to talk more and to initiate own topics and multimodal resources were used by the PWA. This was seen to a far lesser degree among the PWD. With a few distinct exceptions, the PWD came across as rather communicatively competent. This was not necessarily reflected by the aphasia test results, since several participants struggled with a couple of test assignments. In PWA, the demonstration of aspects of communication that could be related to being a competent speaker did not fully correlate with aphasia test scores. The analyses showed that instances of trouble occurred 2015). Dementia and languageDementia affects each individual in a different way, but memory problems is the most salient feature of the condition. The deterioration of cognitive function also affects problem-solving, orientation, comprehension, calculation,

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“…AD is marked by a continual loss of neurons and their connections with other neurons that are crucial to memory and other mental functions (Growdon, 2009). Patients with AD have insidious, progressive impairment of episodic memory, with the emengence of aphasia, apraxia and executive deficits as disease progresses (Cummings, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatic Knowledge in Alzheimer's Disease

Can

Kuruoğlu²

2022

Psycholing. in a Mod. World

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) consists of disorders of the memory and language changes which is mostly in syntactical functions and pragmatic-semantic functions. Via conversational analysis, it is easy to evaluate AD patients’ pragmatic skills. In this respect, the aim of this study is to analyse the pragmatic knowledge of AD patients by using a picture description test. In the evaluation, only the maxim of relation in Grice’s cooperative principle was considered. Speech samples were solicited from patients with AD (n=20) and age‐matched healthy people (n=20). Two extra raters made blind ratings on the evalution of the maxim of relation. Results demonstrate that the amount of speech of AD patients was less compared to the control group. The violation of relation maxim was rather higher in AD group and hereby it was certain that pragmatic language impairment was the reason of it.

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Language in Dementia

Cited by 15 publications

References 573 publications

Epistemic Injustice in Late-Stage Dementia: A Case for Non-Verbal Testimonial Injustice

Epistemic Injustice in Late-Stage Dementia: A Case for Non-Verbal Testimonial Injustice

Interaction and Language Assessment in Aphasia and Dementia : A Comparative Perspective

Pragmatic Knowledge in Alzheimer's Disease

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