Language-based cognitive abilities in adult aphasia: Rationale for intervention

Chapey, Roberta

doi:10.1016/0021-9924(83)90002-3

Cited by 19 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, it is expected that research and clinical findings are potentially applicable to patients with a similar cluster of symptoms. Classification has allowed clinicians to predict recovery (Kertesz, 1997) and to select patients for appropriate interventions (Chapey, 2001). Importantly, aphasia syndromes classified based on clinical assessment has allowed clinicians to make robust predictions about the areas of the brain that are damaged, and in particular, hypoperfused (Hillis, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting aphasia type from brain damage measured with structural MRI

Yourganov

Smith

Fridriksson

et al. 2015

Cortex

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Chronic aphasia is a common consequence of a left-hemisphere stroke. Since the early insights by Broca and Wernicke, studying the relationship between the loci of cortical damage and patterns of language impairment has been one of the concerns of aphasiology. We utilized multivariate classification in a cross-validation framework to predict the type of chronic aphasia from the spatial pattern of brain damage. Our sample consisted of 98 patients with five types of aphasia (Broca’s, Wernicke’s, global, conduction, and anomic), classified based on scores on the Western Aphasia Battery. Binary lesion maps were obtained from structural MRI scans (obtained at least 6 months poststroke, and within 2 days of behavioural assessment); after spatial normalization, the lesions were parcellated into a disjoint set of brain areas. The proportion of damage to the brain areas was used to classify patients’ aphasia type. To create this parcellation, we relied on five brain atlases; our classifier (support vector machine) could differentiate between different kinds of aphasia using any of the five parcellations. In our sample, the best classification accuracy was obtained when using a novel parcellation that combined two previously published brain atlases, with the first atlas providing the segmentation of grey matter, and the second atlas used to segment the white matter. For each aphasia type, we computed the relative importance of different brain areas for distinguishing it from other aphasia types; our findings were consistent with previously published reports of lesion locations implicated in different types of aphasia. Overall, our results revealed that automated multivariate classification could distinguish between aphasia types based on damage to atlas-defined brain areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting aphasia type from brain damage measured with structural MRI

Yourganov

Smith

Fridriksson

et al. 2015

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Language comprehension also worsens gradually, although phonological and syntactic skills remain preserved until the advanced stages of the disease [14, 15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to Enhance Verbal Communication between Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease and Their Formal and Informal Caregivers: A Systematic Review

Egan

Bérubé

Racine³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

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Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia in older adults. Although memory problems are the most characteristic symptom of this disorder, many individuals also experience progressive problems with communication. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of methods to improve the verbal communication of individuals with Alzheimer's disease with their caregivers. The following databases were reviewed: PsychINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, REHABDATA, and COMDIS. The inclusion criteria were: (i) experimentally based studies, (ii) quantitative results, (iii) intervention aimed at improving verbal communication of the affected individual with a caregiver, and (iv) at least 50% of the sample having a confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. A total of 13 studies met all of the inclusion criteria. One technique emerged as potentially effective: the use of memory aids combined with specific caregiver training programs. The strength of this evidence was restricted by methodological limitations of the studies. Both adoption of and further research on these interventions are recommended.

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“…Aphasia is often classified into subtypes based on the presenting symptoms and the manner in which each modality is affected. These subtypes include fluent aphasias (Wernicke's aphasia, conduction aphasia and transcortical sensory aphasia), non-fluent aphasias (Broca's, transcortical motor and global aphasia) and anomic aphasia (Chapey, 2008). Researchers have found some discrepancy in the frequency of the presentation of the subtypes of aphasia.…”

Section: Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The frequency variation is due to differences in diagnostic criteria, post-stroke time period prior to evaluation as well as the selection criteria of the participants in studies (Kyrozis et al, 2009). Aphasia is an acquired neurogenic disorder that involves language difficulties that may affect reading, writing, comprehending and expressing language, not due to difficulties with sensation, motor functioning or intellect (Chapey, 2008). Aphasia is often classified into subtypes based on the presenting symptoms and the manner in which each modality is affected.…”

Section: Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%