Langmuir Monolayers and Thin Films of Amphifilic Thiacalix[4]arenes. Properties and Matrix for the Immobilization of Cytochrome c

Abstract

Formation and properties of Langmuir films of thiacalix[4]arene (TCA) derivatives containing N-donor groups on the lower rim (Y═O(CH2)3CN; OCH2CN; NH2; OCH2ArCN-p) in 1,3-alternate conformation on aqueous subphase and solid substrates have been studied. Only tetra-cyanopropoxy-p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene 1 forms a typical monomolecular layer with perpendicular orientation of the macrocycle relative to the water-air interface that is able to immobilize cytochrome c in the entire range of the surface pressure. Obtained monolayers were transferred by Langmuir-Schaefer technique onto quartz, indium-tin oxide (ITO), and silicon. It was demonstrated that protein activity is retained after immobilization on the substrate.

Organometallic Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Bis‐Ligand Nickel(Ii) Complex of 1,5‐Di‐P‐Tolyl‐3,7‐Dipyridine‐1,5,3,7‐Diazadiphosphacyclo‐Octane Catalyst

“…Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a convenient method for visualizing the morphological characteristics in the nanoscale range of soft supramolecular formations, monolayers, and polymer systems on atomically smooth substrates. To study the shape of the organometallic catalysts’ particles immobilized on the carbon substrate the catalysts were deposited on an atomically smooth surface of pyrolytic graphite (Figure A).…”

“…[11] In aP EMFC using Ni(Py-p-Tol)/C at the anode withouta ny CNTs and stitching procedures to them and Pt/C at the cathode the powerd ensity reached 14.66 mW cm À2 ,w hich is at the level of the best known analog with CNTs. [13] Atomic force microscopy( AFM)i saconvenient method for visualizing the morphological characteristics in the nanoscale range of soft supramolecular formations, [17][18][19] monolayers, [20,21] and polymer systems [22,23] on atomically smooths ub-strates.T os tudy the shape of the organometallic catalysts particles immobilized on the carbon substrate the catalysts were depositedo na na tomically smooth surface of pyrolytic graphite (Figure 2A). Thea ggregates with ah eight of af ew nanometers ( Figure 2B)a nd al ateral size of about 240 nm ( Figure 1C)a re typical for the compound Ni(Py-p-Tol).…”

Thiacalix[4]arene’s Lower Rim Derivatives: Synthesis and Supramolecular Properties

“…Moreover, it is able to immobilize cytochrome c [93,94] and the increase of effective molecular area from 1.11 up to 1.50 nm 2 was observed (Figure 8b). Obtained monolayers were transferred by Langmuir−Schaefer technique onto quartz, indium-tin oxide (ITO) and silicon.…”

1,5‐Diaza‐3,7‐Diphosphacyclooctane Bis‐Ligand Nickel(II) Complexes as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

“…Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful instrument for studying morphology of soft supramolecular formations, monolayers, and polymer systems on atomically smooth substrates through visualizing in nanoscale range. To find out what type of the organometallic catalyst particles is immobilized on the carbon substrate, we deposited them onto the atomically smooth surface of pyrolytic graphite (Figure ).…”