Langfristige Untersuchungen zum äußeren und inneren Stoffwechsel des graviden und laktierenden Schweines.

Lenkeit, W.; Gütte, J. O.; Warnecke, W.; Kirchhoff, W.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.1955.tb00247.x

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…On average, the sample volumes corresponded to the suckled quantity. This method could be used because sows' milk composition during suckling and milking is almost identical (Lenkeit & Gü tte 1955;Schulz & Brabant 1969).…”

Section: Standardized Suckling and Milk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects of dietary energy intake during gestation and lactation on milk yield and composition of first, second and fourth parity sows

Beyer

Jentsch

Kuhla

et al. 2007

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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In order to determine the effects of a varied level of dietary energy intake during pregnancy and lactation on milk yield and composition, first, second and fourth parity sows (Large White x German Landrace) were provided with energy at a level of either: (i) 100% of ME requirement (MEreq) during pregnancy and lactation, (ii) 120% MEreq during pregnancy and 80% during lactation, and (iii) 80% MEreq during pregnancy and 120% during lactation. In spite of equal target levels feed analysis revealed that gestating first parity sows with 120/80 treatment combination and lactating sows of 80/120 treatment combination received 25, and 11-17% more digestible N than in the respective 100/100 treatment combination. Irrespective of this 120/80 sows responded with the highest milk DM, fat, and energy contents, and the lowest lactose concentrations whereas protein levels where not affected, irrespective of parity (p < 0.05). Milk yield of sows in 1st and 4th lactation was 85 and 106% of that in 2nd lactation, respectively. Average milk composition was 18.1% DM, 4.9% protein, 6.8% fat, 5.6% lactose, and 0.8% ash. Milk composition changes ceased at day 7 of lactation with a reduction of milk GE and protein, and an increase of lactose content. Concentrations of threonine, arginine, valine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, cystine, and tryptophan, as well as stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid were higher in colostrum than in milk at later lactation stages. In contrast, laurine, myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids were lower concentrated in colostrum. In conclusion, these results illustrate the importance of body reserve mobilization for milk production in sows and indicate that low energy supply during gestation cannot be compensated by higher energy supply during lactation.

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Section: Standardized Suckling and Milk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Metabolic losses were measured in separate model experiments by means of suckling without milk intake (blind suckling according to Lenkeit & Gü tte 1955) and considered to correct milk production according to Equation 2.…”

Section: Standardized Suckling and Milk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary energy intake during gestation and lactation on milk yield and composition of first, second and fourth parity sows

Beyer

Jentsch

Kuhla

et al. 2007

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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Protein Metabolism and Requirements in Pregnancy and Lactation

Blaxter

1964

Mammalian Protein Metabolism

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The effect of pregnancy, energy intake and mating weight on protein deposition and energy retention of female pigs

Hovell¹,

MacPherson²,

Crofts³

et al. 1977

Anim. Sci.

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1. In a comparative slaughter experiment, 12 female pigs (six at 80 kg and six at 100 kg) were allocated at first oestrus to each of five treatments: Treatment 1 initial slaughter, or Treatments 2, 3 and 4 mated and given 19-5, 25-8 or 32-1 MJ ME/day for the last 100 days of pregnancy, or Treatment 5 not mated (virgin) and given 25-8 MJ ME/day over a similar period. Pigs on Treatments 2, 3,4 and 5 were given the same amount of protein and were killed about 123 days after first oestrus. Piglets were removed at birth. 2. Total protein deposition (carcass+viscera+piglets) was increased from a total (±SE) of 5-50 to 8-47 (±0-43) kg as ME intake was increased from 19-5 to 32-1 MJ ME/day. About 75 % of the increase in protein deposition was in the carcass component. The average response to ME was 2-2 + 0-58 g total protein deposition per MJ increment in ME. 3. The once-mated pigs deposited similar amounts of total protein to the virgin pigs but significantly less (P<0-05) carcass protein, when this was corrected to the same amount of carcass fat deposition. 4. Increasing energy intake from 19-5 to 32-1 MJ ME/day increased total fat deposition from 2-8 to 16-0 kg. The average response to ME was 13-5 + 1-53 g fat deposited per MJ increment in ME. 5. There were no significant differences between the once-mated and virgin pigs in their calculated maintenance requirement, nor in the efficiency with which ME surplus to requirement for maintenance was utilized for energy retention. The average maintenance requirement for all pigs was 530 (95 % limits 303-882) kJ/kgoss. day. The average efficiency of utilization of ME for energy retention was 58-5 ±6-2%. 6. There was no evidence of any pregnancy anabolism other than that involving the conceptus, the needs of the dam specific to pregnancy and preparation for lactation.

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Langfristige Untersuchungen zum äußeren und inneren Stoffwechsel des graviden und laktierenden Schweines.

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of dietary energy intake during gestation and lactation on milk yield and composition of first, second and fourth parity sows

Effects of dietary energy intake during gestation and lactation on milk yield and composition of first, second and fourth parity sows

Protein Metabolism and Requirements in Pregnancy and Lactation

The effect of pregnancy, energy intake and mating weight on protein deposition and energy retention of female pigs

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