Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Langerhans Cell Sarcoma: Current Understanding and Differential Diagnosis

Nakamine, Hirokazu; Yamakawa, Mitsunori; Yoshino, Tadashi; Fukumoto, Takaya; Enomoto, Yasunori; Matsumura, Itaru

doi:10.3960/jslrt.56.109

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In consistent with prior case reports on cutaneous LCH, multiple cutaneous masses developed also in the present case . The lymph nodes, ureter, mediastinum and posterior aorta were involved in the present case, indicating that the dog was at advanced stage of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the WHO classification of human haematopoietic tumours, LC tumours are classified into LCH and LC sarcoma (LCS), based on cytological atypia and clinical aggressiveness . In human, LCH occurs commonly in children, whereas almost all cases of LCS occur in adults . The present canine case was 5 years and 4 months old, older than the prior canine LCH case .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon histiocytic proliferative disorder characterized by Langerhans cell (LC) proliferation . In a recent classification, canine cutaneous LCH and canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) have been classified within a single disease spectrum with diverse biological behaviours .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to histiocytoma, which spontaneously regresses, cutaneous LCH may progress and metastasize to lymph nodes, lung and other internal organs . The manifestation and behaviour of canine cutaneous LCH resemble those of human cutaneous LCH . Human LCs are characterized by positive immunostaining for CD1a, S100 and CD207 (Langerin), and by the presence of cytoplasmic Birbeck's granules on electron microscopy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of cell line and in vivo mouse model of canine Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Son

Uchida

Thongtharb

et al. 2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

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A cell line named FB‐LCH01, derived from a dog diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), was established and characterized. FB‐LCH01 had C‐shaped nucleoli, characterized by modal chromosome aberrations. The original tumour cells as well as established FB‐LCH01 cells were immunopositive for human leukocyte antigen‐DR, Iba‐1 and E‐cadherin, and immunonegative for CD163 and CD204, suggesting Langerhans cell origin. Furthermore, the characteristics of FB‐LCH01 were compared with those of two canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines (PWC‐HS01 and FCR‐HS02) established previously. Expression of E‐cadherin was detected only in FB‐LCH01, but not in PWC‐HS01 and FCR‐HS02. All (n = 9) the severe combined immunodeficiency mice inoculated with the FB‐LCH01 cells developed subcutaneous tumour masses after 3 weeks. Eight of nine mice also developed metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes (8/8; 100%), lung (5/8; 62.5%), stomach (5/8; 62.5%), heart (4/8; 50%), pancreas (4/8; 50%), kidney (3/8; 37.5%), skin (3/8; 37.5%) and bone marrow (1/8; 12.5%). Tumour cells were pleomorphic and round‐ to polygonal‐shaped with prominent anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. The xenotransplanted tumour cells maintained the immunohistochemical features of the original tumour with persistent E‐cadherin expression at injection site and some visceral organs. In conclusion, the established cell line as well as the mice xenotransplant model in this study reflect the nature of canine LCH and may serve as promising models for investigating the patho‐tumorigenesis and therapy of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of cell line and in vivo mouse model of canine Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Son

Uchida

Thongtharb

et al. 2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…16 This test is now the Gold Standard in the correct clinical setting. 17,18 Erdheim-chester disease (ECD) is a rare disease, frequently seen in adults. It shows infiltration of a wide variety of tissues by cells of macrophage and histiocytic lineage, considered distinct from LCH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Unusual Intracranial Inflammatory Process of Unknown Origin

Badran¹,

Abdelsadq²,

Abbas³

et al. 2017

Neuro – Open Journal

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We present an unusual case of steroid responsive inflammatory condition, involving sellar suprasellar region with further ependymal lesions. This is complicated by previous surgery due to pituitary adenoma, not thought to related to inflammatory process. The patient responded well to steroids, but deteriorated due to development of hydrocephalus caused by obstruction due to adhesions. Despite extensive literature review and consideration of all known pathological conditions, it was concluded that the condition represented another inflammatory entity not yet fully characterised. The case also highlights that despite the steroid responsive nature of the condition, the ependymal involvement can result in progressive acute obstructive hydrocephalus with clinical deterioration. This case also suggests close follow-up and early imaging for early detection and treatment of this complication. CASE REPORTThis case report pertains to a 46-year-old male Caucasian who had endoscopic treatment for a pituitary adenona three years previously. He required replacement hydrocortisone and testosterone. Prior to the surgery, he was not known to have any other neurological issues.A year after surgery following minor trauma, he underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head. This confirmed no residual pituitary tumour (Figure 1). He was somewhat non-compliant with endocrine follow-up. Surveillance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging 2 years following initial surgery demonstrated post-up change with some enhancing tissue scaling the pituitary stalk and hypothalamic region; this was not clearly seen on the previous CT scan, possibly due to different modalities and absence of contrast imaging. Two months later, he developed polydipsia, fatigue and a partial left-sided homonymous visual field deficit. There was progressive confusion with fluent dysphasia and inattention. He was pyrexial. Gaze evoked nystagmus was present to the right. The rest of his examination was unremarkable. MRI brain demonstrated significant progression of the abnormalities seen on the earlier scan with increased enhancing tissue involving the pituitary stalk, hypothalamic area and floor of the 3 rd ventricle, also including the optic chiasm (Figure 2). Associated signal

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Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: Cytomorphologic features and diagnostic challenges

Asiry

Khader

Villanueva-Siles

et al. 2021

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare malignant neoplasm, which primarily arises in lymph nodes with occasional cases occurring in extranodal locations. The diagnosis is often challenging particularly on cytology fine needle aspiration due to overlapping morphologic and immunohistochemical features. We present a case of FDCS diagnosed in an otherwise asymptomatic 33‐year old male. The aim of our case report is to highlight the key cytomorphologic features and discuss various differential diagnoses of this unusual entity.

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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Langerhans Cell Sarcoma: Current Understanding and Differential Diagnosis

Cited by 42 publications

References 43 publications

Establishment of cell line and in vivo mouse model of canine Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Establishment of cell line and in vivo mouse model of canine Langerhans cell histiocytosis

An Unusual Intracranial Inflammatory Process of Unknown Origin

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: Cytomorphologic features and diagnostic challenges

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