Landslide susceptibility assessment in Limbe (SW Cameroon): A field calibrated seed cell and information value method

Bih, Vivian; Kervyn, Matthieu; Suh, Cheo Emmanuel; Fontijn, Karen; Ernst, Gérald; Marmol, Mary Ann del; Trefois, P.; Jacobs, Patric

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2011.11.014

Cited by 79 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This timeframe fits well with that observed by Che et al (2012b,) in their study of landslide occurrence and susceptibility in the Limbe area. In Kumba the population was aware that cracks opening up in the soil on a hill may also be a warning sign of an imminent landslide.…”

Section: Hazard and Risk Perception And Preparednesssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…95,000 inhabitants; invited participants from Limbe 1 council) is located near the SE coast with a high risk of lava flow invasion (Favalli et al 2011) and has experienced multiple flooding and landslide events in recent decades (Ayonghe et al 2004;Che et al 2011). The risk imposed by floods and landslides is enhanced by unregulated building practices (Che et al 2012b). The FGDs were organised in May 2010 as part of the risk assessment part of the VLIR UOS project.…”

Section: Focus Group Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The societal objectives were to raise the capacity and preparedness of the University of Buea, the local authorities and the population to improve the geohazard management strategy to the benefit of all relevant stakeholders. Scientific objectives included constraining the spatial distribution of lava flows (Wantim et al , 2013a and landslide susceptibility (Che et al 2012b(Che et al , 2013. Another objective was to improve research and training capacity for monitoring volcanic and landslide hazards at the University of Buea.…”

Section: Project Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Marmol

Fontijn

Atanga

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

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The scientific evaluation of hazards and risks remains a primary concern in poorly known volcanic regions. The use of such information to develop an effective risk management structure and risk reduction actions however also poses important challenges. We here present the results of a series of focus group discussions (FGDs) organised with city councillors from three municipalities around Mt Cameroon volcano, Cameroon. The Mt Cameroon area is a volcanically and tectonically active region regularly affected in the historical past by lava flows, landslides and earthquake swarms, and has a potential for crater lake outgassing. The lower flanks of the volcano are densely populated and the site of intense economic development. The FGDs were aimed at the elicitation of (1) the knowledge and perception of geological hazards, (2) the state of preparedness and the implementation of mitigation and prevention actions by the municipalities, (3) the evaluation of the effectiveness of the structure of communication channels established to respond to emergency situations, and (4) the recovery from an emergency. In all three municipalities stakeholders had good knowledge of the risks, except for processes never experienced in the region. They generally grasped the causes of landslides or floods but were less familiar with volcano-tectonic processes. Stakeholders identified the lack of strategic planning to monitor hazards and mitigate their impacts as a major weakness, requesting additional education and scientific support. Response to natural hazards is mostly based on informal communication channels and is supported by a high level of trust between local scientists, decision makers and the population. Actions are taken to raise awareness and implement basic mitigation and prevention actions, based on the willingness of local political leaders. The strong centralisation of the risk management process at the national level and the lack of political and financial means at the local level are major limitations in the implementation of an effective risk management strategy adapted to local risk conditions. Our case study highlights the need for earth and social scientists to actively work together with national and local authorities to translate the findings of scientific hazard and risk assessment into improved risk management practices.

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Section: Hazard and Risk Perception And Preparednesssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Focus Group Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Project Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Marmol

Fontijn

Atanga

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

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“…The occurrence of landslides within a particular area depends noticeably on the soil type [55]. The soil type depends on the rock type and its morphology, but different soil types may result from the same parent rock, following differential weathering and drainage.…”

Section: Soil Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Geohazards (floods and landslides) in the Ndop plain, Cameroon volcanic line

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Ndop Plain, located along the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), is a volcano-tectonic plain, formed by a series of tectonic movements, volcanic eruptions and sedimentation phases. Floods (annually) and landslides (occasionally) occur with devastating environmental effects. However, this plain attracts a lot of inhabitants owing to its fertile alluvial soils. With demographic explosion in the plain, the inhabitants (143,000 people) tend to farm and inhabit new zones which are prone to these geohazards. In this paper, we use field observations, laboratory analyses, satellite imagery and complementary methods using appropriate software to establish hazard (flood and landslide) maps of the Ndop Plain. Natural factors as well as anthropogenic factors are considered. The hazard maps revealed that 25% of the area is exposed to flood hazard (13% exposed to high flood hazard, 12% to moderate) and 5% of the area is exposed to landslide hazard (2% exposed to high landslide hazard, 3% to moderate). Some mitigation measures for floods (building of artificial levees, raising foundations of buildings and the meticulous regulation of the flood guards at Bamendjing Dam) and landslides (slope terracing, planting of trees, and building retaining walls) are proposed.

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“…Most of the geological hazards in the country are linked to the existence of a geological feature called the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL, [2] [5]. Devastating landslides have occurred in Melon, Yaoundé, Santa, Bafaka, Dschang, Belo, Limbe, Buea, Kemkem, Wabane and Bamanda [1] [6] [7]. Maar Lakes Monoun in the Western Region and Nyos in the Northwest Region of Cameroon were sites of catastrophic gas explosions in 1984 and 1986, which killed 37 (Monoun) and 1800 people and over 3000 cattle (Nyos).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Debris Flow of 1<sup>st</sup> August 2012 in Kakpenyi-Tinta (Akwaya Sub Division) Southwest Cameroon—I: Event Description, Causes and Impacts

Ntchantcho¹,

Anye²,

Aka³

et al. 2017

OJG

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Compared to large-scale infrequent disasters like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and gas explosions from volcanic (maar) lakes, most small-scale everyday disasters (e.g., landslides and floods) are not well reported and documented in Cameroon, despite the fact that cumulatively, they cause the most casualties and distress to the people affected. This paper documents a debris flow that occurred on the 1 st of August 2012 in Kakpenyi, a quarter found in Tinta, one of the villages of Akwaya Sub Division in Manyu Division of the Southwest Region of Cameroon. The event started from the western slope (06˚14.350'N & 09˚31.475'E) of a hogback in the settlement, and mobilized ca 3.47 × 10 6 m 3 of material over a ca 1 km distance. The material was made up of a chaotic mix of mud, rock fragments, boulders, twigs, tree logs, trunks, and roots. Its distal part dammed river Kakpenyi forming a 10 m deep lake which eventually safely emptied itself. No casualties were recorded but 20 people got injured and 21 people lost farmland. The debris flow was not caused by earthquake shaking. Instead, inappropriate land use acted as a remote cause to predispose the steep slope, while heavy rainfall triggered the flow. Verbal reports talk of a similar event 40 years ago in the area. This shows that Kakpenyi is vulnerable to this kind of hazard, requiring that major infraHow to cite this paper:

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Landslide susceptibility assessment in Limbe (SW Cameroon): A field calibrated seed cell and information value method

Cited by 79 publications

References 33 publications

Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Geohazards (floods and landslides) in the Ndop plain, Cameroon volcanic line

The Debris Flow of 1<sup>st</sup> August 2012 in Kakpenyi-Tinta (Akwaya Sub Division) Southwest Cameroon—I: Event Description, Causes and Impacts

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Landslide susceptibility assessment in Limbe (SW Cameroon): A field calibrated seed cell and information value method

Cited by 79 publications

References 33 publications

Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Investigating the Management of Geological Hazards and Risks in the Mt Cameroon Area Using Focus Group Discussions

Geohazards (floods and landslides) in the Ndop plain, Cameroon volcanic line

The Debris Flow of 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; August 2012 in Kakpenyi-Tinta (Akwaya Sub Division) Southwest Cameroon—I: Event Description, Causes and Impacts

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The Debris Flow of 1<sup>st</sup> August 2012 in Kakpenyi-Tinta (Akwaya Sub Division) Southwest Cameroon—I: Event Description, Causes and Impacts