Landscape genetics of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) across its Asian range

Pollegioni, Paola; Woeste, Keith; Chiocchini, Francesca; Olimpieri, Irene; Tortolano, Virginia; Clark, Jo; Hemery, G. E.; Mapelli, S.; Malvolti, Maria Emilia

doi:10.1007/s11295-014-0740-2

Cited by 69 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These authors reported that the common markers analyzed in 456 walnut trees sampled in Italy were substantially comparable with earlier reports that considered large regional or national sampling [18,22]. As stated by other authors, the genetic diversity of J. regia investigated primarily on a national or regional scale across Eurasia has revealed low levels of genetic differentiation among populations and no robust geographic patterns of genetic diversity [10,12,24], and this has been reinforced by the current work, even though it was carried out on a limited geographical scale. The reasons for such moderate genetic diversity are not easily determined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The reasons for such moderate genetic diversity are not easily determined. One hypothesis is that the reservoirs of walnut genetic diversity in Europe were largely eroded during the last glacial maximum [14]; the second hypothesis, which is not in contrast with the first one, rules out that the re-introduction of walnut from the Western Asia by humans suffered a bottleneck [12], and has not been mitigated by the few generations that have passed in the intervening 2000 years. Historians report a well-developed walnut industry in the sub-alpine arch surrounding the Friuli plain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of the SSRs present in the literature [10,12,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] suggested the selection of twenty-two SSR markers, which were tested initially in a small panel of accessions. The control of amplification, the goodness of signal recorded by the automatic sequencer, and the number and quality of the true peaks suggested that only 20 of those SSR markers be retained for the analysis of the whole set of accessions.…”

Section: Ssr Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Diversity of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) in the Eastern Italian Alps

Vischi

Chiabà

Raranciuc

et al. 2017

Forests

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Juglans regia L. is distributed primarily across temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. During the last glaciation, the species survived in refugial areas that in Europe included the Balkans and the Italian peninsula, two areas joined by a corridor represented by the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, where two germplasm reservoirs met and likely intercrossed during re-colonization after the last glaciation. In this work, two hundred and fifteen wild accessions native to the area were sampled, georeferenced, and genotyped with 20 microsatellite loci selected from the literature. The local accessions of this study displayed moderate genetic diversity with 80 alleles identified. The number of alleles/loci was 4.0 (4.7 alleles for the genomic SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) and 2.7 alleles per EST (Expressed Sequence Tag)-derived SSR, on average). An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the molecular diversity was between individuals (nearly 98% of variation explained). The model-based clustering algorithms implemented either in STRUCTURE and GENELAND software revealed two clusters: The first one encompassed most of the samples and showed a great genetic admixture throughout the five sampling areas defined on the base of orographic characteristics of the region. The second cluster represented a small island with three samples traced back to an introduction from Russia at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ssr Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Diversity of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) in the Eastern Italian Alps

Vischi

Chiabà

Raranciuc

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…Based on this result, the Turkey and Caucasus populations most likely migrated through Iran by vicariance events. Pollegioni et al (2014) detected five obvious genetic barriers for Persian walnut and separated populations of western Asia (Georgia, Turkey, and Iran) from populations in Central and East Asia. plains and most river beds (Talebi et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Pterocarya (Juglandaceae) with an emphasis on the taxonomic status of Iranian populations using ITS and trnH-psbA sequence data

Mostajeran

Yousefzadeh

Davitashvili

et al. 2016

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Lam.) Spach., a relict tree species of the Juglandaceae family, is native to the Great Caucasus, Anatolia, and to the Hyrcanian forests of the southern Azerbaijan and Northern Iran. In this study, the phylogenetic relationship of the species, sampled in selected Iranian populations, and the global biogeography of the genus Pterocarya were addressed. Leaves were collected from 8 to 10 trees from three geographically isolated habitats. The samples were analyzed with nuclear (internal transcribed spacer [ITS] regions) and chloroplast (trnH-psbA) DNA markers. The obtained results were compared and analyzed with the data registered in NCBI GenBank. It is reported that the ITS regions varied from 644 to 652 for Pterocarya genus, but we did not observe polymorphisms for Iranian Pterocarya. The phylogenetic tree divided the Pterocarya genus in three clades: clade 1 grouping exclusively the samples P. fraxinifolia, clearly separated from the East Asiatic taxa; clade 2 that includes the species P. hupehensis and P. macroptera; clade 3 clustering P. stenoptera and P. tonkinensis. Although the Iranian Pterocarya samples and P. fraxinifolia from the Caucasus were in the same clade, they presented two different secondary structures. The Iranian populations showed the maximum genetic distance with P. stenoptera and P. tonkinensis. Our analysis demonstrates that the traditional division of all the six species sampled throughout their distribution area as well as the phylogeny of the genus Pterocarya needs to be reviewed.

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“…A considerable number of authors reported their results after applying sets of those SSR markers on different walnut samples and species (Dangle et al 2005;Victory et al 2006;Ross-Davis et al 2008;Ardhya et al 2010). The same SSR markers were also used for genetic research of national common walnut populations and cultivars in Europe (Foroni et al 2005;Foroni et al 2006;Foroni et al 2007;Cabral et al 2008;Pollegioni et al 2011;Ruiz Garcia et al 2011) and in Asia (Ahmed et al 2012;Gunn et al 2010;Ibrahimov et al 2010;Karimi et al 2010;Kim et al 2012;Mahmoodi et al 2013;Pollegioni et al 2014;Vahdati et al 2015;Wang et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizations of high throughput multiplex polymerase chain reaction with simple sequence repeat markers for genotyping of common walnut populations (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.)

Ćelepirović¹,

Vlahović²,

Dounavi³

et al. 2016

Silva Fenn.

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Optimizations of high throughput multiplex polymerase chain reaction with simple sequence repeat markers for genotyping of common walnut populations (Juglans regia L.) Ćelepirović N., Karija Vlahović M., Dounavi A., Ivanković M. (2016). Optimizations of high throughput multiplex polymerase chain reaction with simple sequence repeat markers for genotyping of common walnut populations (Juglans regia L.). Silva Fennica vol. 50 no. 5 article id 1674. 9 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/sf.1674 Highlights• We combined eleven SSR markers in one multiplex PCR to make faster and cost effective amplification of the common walnut DNA from Croatia.• Genetic variation of common walnut from Croatia was moderate at analyzed SSR loci.• The resultant multiplex PCR could be used for genotyping of common walnut populations. AbstractMultiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows amplification of two or more pair of primers in parallel for amplification of multiple target sequences in a single reaction tube. In this study, we combined existing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (nuclear microsatellites) in the novel combination of multiplex PCR to study the population genetics of common walnut from Croatia. From twenty one tested SSR markers, eleven produced satisfactory results in one multiplex PCR. Population genetic results achieved from 15 samples of Croatian common walnut showed moderate genetic variability (average value: He 0.473; Ho 0.568). Our multiplex PCR allowed cost effective work concerning chemicals, plastic ware, device, and working time producing optimal results. The optimized multiplex PCR represented the best combination of eleven SSR primers for genotyping common walnut in a single PCR reaction.

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Landscape genetics of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) across its Asian range

Cited by 69 publications

References 72 publications

Genetic Diversity of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) in the Eastern Italian Alps

Genetic Diversity of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) in the Eastern Italian Alps

Phylogenetic relationships of Pterocarya (Juglandaceae) with an emphasis on the taxonomic status of Iranian populations using ITS and trnH-psbA sequence data

Optimizations of high throughput multiplex polymerase chain reaction with simple sequence repeat markers for genotyping of common walnut populations (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.)

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