Land versus water exercise in patients with coronary artery disease: effects on body composition, blood lipids, and physical fitness

Volaklis, Konstantinos A.; Spassis, Apostolos T.; Tokmakidis, Savvas P.

doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.06.029

Cited by 89 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The advantages that Underwater training such as walking in a swimming pool, may have advantages over the regular land exercise that assist in improving the exercise capacity, especially among cardiovascular patients, since it reduce joint stress, has greater expenditure of calories, and provides greater water resistance than air resistance 25) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Effect of an Underwater Exercise Program for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

et al. 2012

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Abstract. [Purpose] This study investigated the effect of a simple underwater training program on ambulatory functions of patients with peripheral vascular disease. [Subjects and Methods] Seven male patients participated in supervised underwater exercise training for twelve weeks to determine the effect of the program on their ambulatory capacity through comparison of their pre-and post-training values of their ambulatory indices, including toe pressure, maximum ambulatory distance, and ankle brachial index. [Results] We show that twelve weeks of underwater training improved the ambulatory functions and quality of life of patients with peripheral vascular disease.[Conclusion] This program should be considered as an effective conservative treatment for low risk patients with intermittent claudication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Effect of an Underwater Exercise Program for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

et al. 2012

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“…Significant increases in lean muscle mass were observed on both the lower and upper body extremities (Volaklis, Spassis, & Tokmakidis, 2007). A small but Body Fat %: percent body fat; Lean Mass: lean body mass in pounds; FEV 1.0 /FVC: percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity; HR: Rest, resting heart rate in beats per minute; Systolic BP: systolic blood pressure at rest; Diastolic BP: diastolic blood pressure at rest; VO 2max , maximum oxygen uptake in ml O 2 /kg/min; ln CRP: log transformed high sensitivity C-reactive protein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; VLF PSD: very low frequency; HF PSD: high frequency; VB: Sympathetic Vagal Balance; SD: standard deviation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

The Impact of an Aquatic Exercise Protocol on Physiologic Measures Within an Asthmatic Population

Hildenbrand¹,

Freson²,

Barbosa‐Leiker³

et al. 2011

IJARE

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“…Risk reduction can be achieved through weight loss (HDL-C increases 1 mg/dl per weight loss of 3 kg), diet rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (up to 5% increase), tobacco cessation (5% to 10% increase), moderate alcohol consumption (5% to 15% increase), and aerobic exercise (5% to 10% increase) [5]. In view of lifestyle modifications, exercise is an important tool in lowering cholesterol, modifying lipoproteins and promoting overall health [6,7]. It can also strengthen the heart, bones, and other muscles of the body, in addition to losing body weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of regular physical activity on non-lipid (novel) cardiovascular risk factors

Naghii¹,

Aref²,

Almadadi³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: Cardiovascular -coronary heart disease, causing heart attack and heart failure is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The most important risk factors for CVD are well-established and physical activity has long been considered the cornerstone of interventions and has shown extremely important in reducing the burden of this disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association between activity and inactivity and non-lipid CVD risk factors in healthy military recruits. Materials and Methods: Selected hormones and variables such as testosterone, free testosterone, Vitamin D, homocysteine, folic acid, with the inflammatory cytokines such as hsCRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were assessed in two groups (active = 50, inactive = 50), randomly matched by a questionnaire. Relationships between some measured variables and CVD risk factors were determined using simple correlation procedures. Results: Physically active subjects had significantly lower results of homocysteine (14.3±1.9 vs. 16.5±3.7, p < 0.000) and interleukin-6 (2.9.±5.3 vs. 6±8.2, p < 0.025) and tended to have a nearly significantly higher free testosterone level (13.1±7.1 vs. 11±5.3, p = 0.08). Significant correlations were found between BMI, WC, tHcy, and the corresponding risk factors; and also between hsCRP and IL-6, as well as TT and FT. Conclusions: Reducing the risk factors of developing CVD events such as homocysteine and interleukin-6, together with increasing free testosterone and significantly preventing its progression, clearly serve to underscore the beneficial properties of physical activity and to promote its effectiveness as a support means for healthier lifestyles in the community and, particularly, among military personnel.

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Land versus water exercise in patients with coronary artery disease: effects on body composition, blood lipids, and physical fitness

Cited by 89 publications

References 24 publications

Therapeutic Effect of an Underwater Exercise Program for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

Therapeutic Effect of an Underwater Exercise Program for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

The Impact of an Aquatic Exercise Protocol on Physiologic Measures Within an Asthmatic Population

Effect of regular physical activity on non-lipid (novel) cardiovascular risk factors

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