Lake-Breeze Fronts in the Salt Lake Valley

Zumpfe, Daniel E.; Horel, John D.

doi:10.1175/jam2449.1

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The temperature of Utah's Great Salt Lake (GSL) responds within weeks to regional atmospheric forcing and contributes to the development of lake-effect snowstorms and lake-breeze fronts that affect the populace of northern Utah (Knievel et al, 2007;Rife et al, 2002;Steenburgh et al, 2000;Stewart et al, 2002;Zumpfe & Horel, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MODIS-derived surface temperature of the Great Salt Lake

Crosman

Horel

2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

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116

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MODIS-derived surface temperature of the Great Salt Lake

Crosman

Horel

2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

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132

116

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“…Surface measurements from the Sarca Valley clearly indicate that a small-scale cold and humid front -typical of sea/lake breezes (Simpson, 1994;Zumpfe and Horel, 2007) -forms at Lake Garda's shoreline in the late morning (between 09:00 and 10:00 LST; see Sect. 3.2.1).…”

Section: The Onset Of the Ora Del Gardamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the diurnal development of a lake-valley circulation in the Alps based on airborne and surface measurements

et al. 2014

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Abstract. This study investigates the thermal structures of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the near-surface wind field associated with a lake-valley circulation in the south-eastern Italian Alps -the so-called Ora del Garda. Two flights of an equipped motorglider allowed for the exploration of the diurnal evolution of this circulation, from the onset, on Lake Garda's shoreline, throughout its development along the Sarca Valley and Lakes Valley (Valle dei Laghi), to the outflow into the Adige Valley. At the same time, surface observations, both from a targeted field campaign and from routinely operated weather stations, supported the analysis of the development of the Ora del Garda at the valley floor.In particular, in the valleys typical ABL vertical structures, characterized by rather shallow convective mixed layers (∼ 500 m) and (deeper) weakly stable layers above, up to the lateral crest height, are identified in the late morning. In contrast, close to the lake the ABL is stably stratified down to very low heights, as a consequence of the intense advection of colder air associated with the Ora del Garda flow (up to 6 m s −1 ). The combined analysis of surface and airborne observations (remapped over 3-D high-resolution grids) suggests that the lake-breeze front propagating up-valley from the shoreline in the late morning penetrates slightly later at the eastern end of the valley inlet (delay: ∼ 1 h), probably due to the asymmetric radiative forcing caused by the N-S valley orientation. On the other hand, in the early afternoon the Ora del Garda overflows through an elevated gap, producing an anomalous, strong cross-valley wind (5 m s −1 ) at the Adige Valley floor north of Trento, which overwhelms the local upvalley wind. This feature is associated with a strong deepening of the local mixed layer (from 400 to 1300 m). The potential temperature 3-D field suggests that the intense turbulent mixing may be attributed to the development of a downslope wind across the gap, followed by a hydraulic jump downstream.

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“…This has been impractical, however, for the GSL because of the following factors: a harsh hypersaline environment, OCTOBER 2013 G R I M E T A L .…”

Section: A In Situmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that large lakes can have a significant effect on the weather and climate of their surrounding areas, driving lake-effect snowstorms (e.g., Eichenlaub 1970;Steenburgh et al 2000;Laird et al 2009), downwind precipitation shadows (e.g., Blanchard and L opez 1985), and lake and land breezes (Kopec 1967;Laird et al 2001;Zumpfe and Horel 2007). Even more moderately sized lakes, such as the Great Salt Lake 1 (GSL), are known to produce notable lake-effect snowstorms (e.g., Carpenter 1993;Steenburgh et al 2000;Steenburgh and Onton 2001;Onton and Steenburgh 2001), as well as lake and land breezes (Rife et al 2002(Rife et al , 2004Zumpfe and Horel 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even more moderately sized lakes, such as the Great Salt Lake 1 (GSL), are known to produce notable lake-effect snowstorms (e.g., Carpenter 1993;Steenburgh et al 2000;Steenburgh and Onton 2001;Onton and Steenburgh 2001), as well as lake and land breezes (Rife et al 2002(Rife et al , 2004Zumpfe and Horel 2007). Kristovich and Laird (1998) and Wright et al (2013) have shown that small variations in water temperature over the Great Lakes can have an appreciable effect on the amount of downwind precipitation and cloudiness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techniques for Using MODIS Data to Remotely Sense Lake Water Surface Temperatures

Grim

Knievel

Crosman

2013

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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This study describes a stepwise methodology used to provide daily high-spatial-resolution water surface temperatures from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data for use nearly in real time for the Great Salt Lake (GSL). Land surface temperature (LST) is obtained each day and then goes through the following series of steps: land masking, quality control based on other concurrent datasets, bias correction, quality control based on LSTs from recent overpasses, temporal compositing, spatial hole filling, and spatial smoothing. Although the techniques described herein were calibrated for use on the GSL, they can also be applied to any other inland body of water large enough to be resolved by MODIS, as long as several months of in situ water temperature observations are available for calibration. For each of the buoy verification datasets, these techniques resulted in mean absolute errors for the final MODIS product that were at least 62% more accurate than those from the operational Real-Time Global analysis. The MODIS product provides realistic cross-lake temperature gradients that are representative of those directly observed from individual MODIS overpasses and is also able to replicate the temporal oscillations seen in the buoy datasets over periods of a few days or more. The increased accuracy, representative temperature gradients, and ability to resolve temperature changes over periods down to a few days can be vital for providing proper surface boundary conditions for input into numerical weather models.

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Lake-Breeze Fronts in the Salt Lake Valley

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

MODIS-derived surface temperature of the Great Salt Lake

MODIS-derived surface temperature of the Great Salt Lake

Analysis of the diurnal development of a lake-valley circulation in the Alps based on airborne and surface measurements

Techniques for Using MODIS Data to Remotely Sense Lake Water Surface Temperatures

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