Lactose cariogenicity with an emphasis on childhood dental caries

Aimutis, William R.

doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.10.007

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Considering that human milk has a higher concentration of lactose (7%) 34 than that used in the present study, these findings may contribute to the understanding of the metabolism of carbohydrates in biofilms and the relationship between carbohydrates and dental caries. On the other hand, milk may also have caries-protective properties 35 and its role in caries development should be further evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary sugars on dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus – a pilot study

Oliveira

Albuquerque

Spolidório

et al. 2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: O consumo frequente de açucares e a presença de Streptococcus mutans e Streptococcus sobrinus estão correlacionados com maior experiência de cárie. Objetivo: Elucidar o efeito de diferentes carboidratos fermentáveis na biomassa e acidogenicidade de biofilmes formados por S. mutans e S. sobrinus. Material e método: Biofilmes única e dupla-espécie de S. mutans ATCC 25175 e S. sobrinus ATCC 27607 em concentrações iguais cresceram no fundo de placas de microtitulação por 24 h a 37 °C em microaerofilia. Maltose, sacarose, glicose e lactose foram adicionados a 2%. BHI caldo (0.2% glicose) foi usado como controle negativo. Acidogenicidade foi avaliada por meio da medição do pH do meio de cultura após 24 h, imediatamente após troca de meio e nas próximas 1 h e 2 h. Coloração por cristal violeta foi usada como indicador do total de biomassa aderida, após 24 h de incubação. Os dados foram analisados por teste ANOVA two way e Teste de Bonferroni. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultado: Todos os carboidratos resultaram em maior formação de biomassa em ambos os tipos de biofilme (única ou dupla-espécie), quando comparado ao grupo controle. Sacarose, lactose e maltose mostraram maior acidogenicidade que o grupo controle após 24 h nos biofilmes única ou dupla-espécie, apenas após 24 h. Conclusão: Os achados indicam que o tipo de biofilme (única ou dupla-espécie) e o tipo de carboidrato usado podem influenciar tanto na quantidade de biomassa formada quanto na taxa de redução do pH.Descritores: Biofilme; biomassa; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus sobrinus. AbstractIntroduction: Frequent consumption of sugars and the presence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are correlated with higher caries experience. Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to elucidate the effect of different fermentable carbohydrates on biomass formation and acidogenicity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus biofilms. Material and method: Single and dual-species biofilms of S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sobrinus ATCC 27607 were grown at the bottom of microtiter plates at equal concentrations for 24 h at 37 °C under micro-aerobic atmosphere. Carbohydrates were added at 2% concentration: maltose, sucrose, glucose and lactose. BHI Broth (0.2% glucose) was used as negative control. Acidogenicity was assessed by measuring the pH of spent culture medium after 24 h, immediately after refreshing the culture medium and for the next 1 h and 2 h. Crystal violet staining was used as an indicator of the total attached biofilm biomass after 24 h incubation. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. Significance level was set at 5%. Result: All carbohydrates resulted in higher biomass formation in single-and dual-species biofilms when compared to the control group. Sucrose, lactose and maltose showed higher acidogenicity than the control group in both single-and dual-species biofilms after 24 h. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the type of biofilm (single-or dual-species) and the carbohydrate use...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary sugars on dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus – a pilot study

Oliveira

Albuquerque

Spolidório

et al. 2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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“…Lactose, maltose, and sucrose can all be cariogenic, depending on the consumption (amount, form, frequency, etc.) profile [ 15,44–47 ] and the oral tooth hygiene procedures in place.…”

Section: Effects On Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactose, Maltose, and Sucrose in Health and Disease

Qi¹,

Tester²

2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: This review represents a focus on the structure and properties of the common nutritional disaccharides (lactose, maltose, and sucrose) in health and disease. The aim is to provide a comprehensive reference source related to the role of disaccharides in human nutrition. Methods and results: Key reference sources are searched, including Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online, and key reference works are selected to support the factual basis of the text where interpretations and relevance of the works are discussed in the review. There are key nutritional health benefits of receiving dietary energy in the form of sugars, but equally life-threatening issues exist associated with constant/excess consumption. These issues are discussed together with genetic disorders, which impact upon health associated with consumption of the disaccharides (e.g., specific disaccharide intolerance due to deficiency of relevant digestive enzymes). Conclusions: As the three common dietary disaccharides (lactose, maltose, and sucrose) are consumed on a very regular basis in the human diet, it is critical to understand insofar as possible their role in health and disease. This review provides an insight into the structure and properties of these molecules in health and disease.

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“…In particular, GC with a flame ionization detector (FID) has been widely used in the past to provide quantification of saccharides in milk, thanks to its excellent performances in terms of resolution and sensitivity. Assessment of quality of raw milk [4,16] or, more frequently, quality of treated [5][6][7]10,17], transformed [5,7,8], and fortified milk [7] or of milks from different animal origins [7], studies on products generated in treated/processed milk [4][5][6][7][8]10,12,13,16,17], research focused on lactose intolerance [18] or on the cariostatic/cariogenic power of saccharides in dairy products [19], and finally, on the detection of adulterations and frauds in milk [20] are only a few examples of the most applicative fields explored through these analytical methods. Hence, and despite the advent of GC-MS methods [21], the GC-FID approach can represent still nowadays a reference method for routinely applications and QC in dairy industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography analysis of major free mono‐ and disaccharides in milk: Method assessment, validation, and application to real samples

Idda

Spano

Ciulu

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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Saccharides are functional constituents of milk. Although d-lactose represents almost the totality of the saccharides in the milk, minor species, like d-glucose, d-galactose, myo-inositol and, as a result of severe thermal treatments, monosaccharides like d-tagatose, are also detectable. Although chromatography has been the main analytical approach used for accomplishing this task, quite surprisingly a validated gas chromatographic method aimed at the simultaneous determination of these compounds is still needed. Hence, our contribution is devoted to fill this gap. After the optimization of clean-up and derivatization (conversion of saccharides in their trimethyl silyl ethers) steps, the adoption of a highly cross-linked silphenylene stationary phase permitted to obtain high resolution and a fast chromatographic run. Validation was accomplished in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, precision, and trueness. The accuracy of the method was successfully tested on a number of partially skimmed milk samples. Excellent limits of detection for all analytes make this method eligible, also with respect to a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometry approach, for routine analysis and quality control in the dairy industries.

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Lactose cariogenicity with an emphasis on childhood dental caries

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of dietary sugars on dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus – a pilot study

Effect of dietary sugars on dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus – a pilot study

Lactose, Maltose, and Sucrose in Health and Disease

Gas chromatography analysis of major free mono‐ and disaccharides in milk: Method assessment, validation, and application to real samples

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