Lactobacillus reuteri MJM60668 Prevent Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Anti-Adipogenesis and Anti-Inflammatory Pathway

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) is a disease characterized by liver steatosis. The liver is a key organ involved in the metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrate, enzyme activation, and storage of glycogen, which is closely related to the intestine by the bidirectional relation of the gut-liver axis. Abnormal intestinal microbiota composition can affect energy metabolism and lipogenesis. In this experiment, we investigated the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus reuteri MJM60668 on lipid metabolism and lipogenesis. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and orally administrated with MJM60668. Our results showed that mice treated with MJM60668 significantly decreased liver weight and liver/body weight ratio, without affecting food intake. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TCHO, and IL-1β in mice fed with MJM60668 were decreased compared to the HFD group. Investigation of gene and protein expression on the lipogenesis and lipid metabolism showed that the expression of ACC, FAS, and SREBP was decreased, and PPARα and CPT was increased. Furthermore, an increase of adiponectin in serum was shown in our experiment. Moreover, serum IL-1β level was also significantly decreased in the treated mice. These results suggested that MJM60668 can strongly inhibit lipogenesis, enhance fatty acid oxidation, and suppress inflammation. Additionally, supplementation of MJM60668 increased the proportion of Akkermansiaceae and Lachnospiracea, confirming a potential improvement of gut microbiota, which is related to mucus barrier and decrease of triglycerides levels.

Effects of probiotic supplementation on testosterone levels in healthy ageing men: A 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

“…It has been suggested that the cholesterol-lowering effects of L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 may be couple to its capability of decoupling bile acids without having any impact on triglyceride levels. Reduction of only triglycerides and not on cholesterol may suggest a strain specific effect on lipid metabolism more in line with findings in other L. reuteri strains [ 37 ]. Interestingly, Dixon et al presented a systematic review on the efficacy of probiotics showing that statistically significant changes were seen in improvements of blood-pressure, cholesterol, LDL and HDL, however no significant change was observed in the outcome of triglycerides [ 38 ].…”

Probiotics as Potential Therapy in the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

“…Thus, supplementation with probiotics has resulted in the improvement of these inflammatory parameters close to the normal levels. A significant decrease in circulating endotoxin and pro-inflammatory cytokines-IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α-as well as an increase in the anti-inflammatory IL-10 have also been observed after probiotic administration [65,72,78]. Moreover, it has been evidenced that probiotic supplementation is capable of downregulating the toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and TLR9-induced inflammatory responses, as well as decreasing the expression of NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) and ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD), suggesting a regulation in the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome [79].…”

Association of Short‐Chain Fatty Acids with Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Diarrhea Induced by High‐Fat Diet in a Fatigued State

“…Inflammation was suppressed by L. reuteri MJM60668 , which inhibits lipogenesis, enhances fatty acid oxidation, and inhibits lipogenesis. [ 40 ] Xin et al. found that L. johnsonii BS15 positively affects liver lipid peroxidation through an anti‐oxidative stress enhancement of liver antioxidant defenses.…”