Lactobacillus GG prevents recurrence of colitis in HLA-B27 transgenic rats after antibiotic treatment

Abstract

Background and aims: Bacteroides vulgatus induces colitis in gnotobiotic HLA-B27 transgenic (TG) rats while broad spectrum antibiotics prevent and treat colitis in specific pathogen free (SPF) TG rats although disease recurs after treatment ends. Lactobacilli treat human pouchitis and experimental colitis. We investigated if Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L GG) can prevent colitis in TG rats monoassociated with B vulgatus and if L GG or Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (LP 299v) can treat established colitis in SPF TG rats and prevent recurrent disease after antibiotics were stopped. Methods: Germfree B27 TG rats were monoassociated with B vulgatus for four weeks following two weeks of colonisation with L GG or no bacteria. SPF B27 TG rats received oral vancomycin and imipenem for two weeks, or water alone, followed by four weeks of treatment with oral L GG, LP 299v, or water only. Disease activity was quantified by blinded gross and histological scores, caecal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor β, and IL-10. Results: L GG did not prevent colitis in B vulgatus co-associated TG rats or treat established disease in SPF rats. However, L GG but not LP 299v prevented colitis relapse in antibiotic treated rats with reduced gross and histological scores, caecal MPO, IL-1β, and TNF whereas caecal IL-10 was increased. Conclusions: L GG does not prevent colitis in gnotobiotic TG rats or treat established disease in SPF rats, but is superior to LP 299v in the prevention of recurrent colitis. These studies suggest that antibiotics and probiotic agents provide synergistic therapeutic effects, perhaps mediated by altered immunomodulation with selective activity of different lactobacillus species.

Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus dietary supplementation on the performance, intestinal barrier function, rectal microflora and serum immune function in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

“…Treatment with Lactobacilus sobrius prevented the increase of IL-8 and induced a strong upregulation of IL-10 ( Roselli et al 2007). These results are consistent with previous studies indicating that probiotics may reduce intestinal disorders through reduced IL-8 and increased IL-10 production (Ulisse et al 2001;Dieleman et al 2003;Otte et al 2004). Our findings of serum IL-10 level upregulation of piglets challenged with LPS was consistent with these previous studies.…”

Probiotic Effects on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis Assessed by the Sucrose Breath Test in Rats

“…The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and probiotic compound VSL#3 have previously been shown to reduce levels of MPO in the colitis setting [34] and prevent recurrence of colitis after antibiotic treatment [35], and the probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis has been shown to be effective in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome [12]. At the doses tested, the probiotics investigated in the current study could not prevent the intestinal damage caused by administration of 5-FU.…”

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Exacerbates Intestinal Ulceration in a Model of Indomethacin-Induced Enteropathy

“…However, a decrease in crypt cell apoptosis was observed following Bb12 administration compared to indomethacin alone. Previous studies have shown LGG to be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory disorders of the GI tract [12,26,27]. However, a recent study by Moon et al [28] suggested that LGG actually increased the severity of acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.…”