Lactic Acidosis: a Factor Associated with Equine Laminitis

Garner, H. E.; Hutcheson, D. P.; Coffman, J R; Hahn, Allen W.; Salem, C. A.

doi:10.2527/jas1977.4551037x

Cited by 107 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In equids, diets containing high levels of NSC have been associated with the onset of hindgut acidosis, laminitis and colic (Carroll et al, 1987;Clarke et al, 1990;Garner et al, 1977;Rowe et al, 1994). High levels of starch entering the hindgut environments have been seen to elicit detrimental changes to the gastrointestinal tract (Garner et al, 1975) Diets high in crude protein (14 to 17 %) have been seen to increase rumen buffering capacity (Haaland et al, 1982), indicating that protein in food may act as a buffer against acidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In diet-induced laminitis lactic acidosis has been described as a consistent characteristic (Garner et al, 1977). Diet has been linked to laminitis for a long time; in fact diet-induced laminitis was first described around 350 BCE as barley disease in reference to the development of laminitis after the consumption of excessive amounts of cereal grain (starch overload).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro fermentation of different ratios of alfalfa and starch or inulin incubated with an equine faecal inoculum

et al. 2018

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Cite this article as: A. Garber, P.M. Hastie, I. Handel and M.D. Murray, In vitro fermentation of different ratios of alfalfa and starch or inulin incubated with an equine faecal inoculum, Livestock Science, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.livsci.2017.05.002 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. a further set of bottles containing identical ratios of S/I:CA/GA were also prepared, with the exception that the alfalfa received a simulated foregut digestion treatment (SFD) as prior to incubation. Total gas production increased (P<0.05) as the ratio of S/I to alfalfa increased.Total gas production was lower in bottles containing SFD-treated alfalfa (P<0.001). Dry matter loss decreased proportionately with increasing level of alfalfa substitution of S/I (P<0.001). Values for pH were lower in bottles containing S or I, with pH values in bottles 2 containing S alone falling to almost 6 and those with I dropping to pH 5 and under.However, the substitution of S or I with 40 percent alfalfa produced pH values above 6.7, which is within physiological levels encountered in the large intestine of the horse.Consequently, there appears to be considerable potential to buffer the deleterious effects of high-starch/fructan diets with the substitution of these substrates with high-temperature dried alfalfa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro fermentation of different ratios of alfalfa and starch or inulin incubated with an equine faecal inoculum

et al. 2018

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“…In equine, starch that surpasses digestion in the small intestine and reaches the hindgut (cecum and/or colon) disrupts the normal flora ecology causing an acidotic digestive upset that can lead to ulcers , colic , endotoxemia , and/or laminitis (Garner et al, 1977;. In recent years, equine nutritionists have worked toward a solution to reduce the risks associated with feeding high-starch concentrates to horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on digestibility and fermentation end-products in horses fed low- and high-starch concentrates1

Swyers

Burk

Hartsock

et al. 2008

Journal of Animal Science

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This research evaluated the viability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) intended for in vivo application as direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplements in two experiments during feed processing (Exp. 1) and storage (Exp. 2) and determined the efficacy of DFM on the digestibility and hindgut fermentation of horses during and after an abrupt increase in starch (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1, lactobacilli survived feed processing and a commercial enumeration method was validated. In Exp. 2, viable colony forming units of LAB were assessed and remained viable during 12 weeks of storage. Controls in both experiments had high levels of naturally-occurring bacteria present. In Exp. 3, a high-starch concentrate caused fecal pH to decrease, and fecal propionate and digestibility of many nutrients to increase. The DFM induced minimal improvements in digestibility or fermentation parameters and data provided no clear evidence to support the use of a multiple versus a single strain DFM preparation.

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“…Lactic acid, histamine and endotoxin have been described as contributing to the aetiology and pathogenesis of acute bovine and equine laminitis, although no causal relationship has been established (1, 7,10,18,21,22). Endotoxin has received special attention because acute bovine laminitis has been reported to occur in diseases (18) associated with endotoxaemia, such as Gramnegative mastitis (12), endometritis (19) and ruminal acidosis caused by carbohydrate overload (4,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of acute bovine laminitis

Boosman

Mutsaers

Klarenbeek

1991

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARY.To study the possible role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of bovine laminitis, local and systemic injections of endotoxin (E. coli 0111 B4) with different doses were given to three groups of four cows each. Clinical and haematologic parameters indicated an acutephase response, including positive plasma ethanol gelation (soluble fibrin), the occurence of fibrin degradation products and decreased thrombocyte counts. Local Shwartzman reactions were not evoked. Clinical examination of the claws and the gait of the animals revealed no signs of laminitis. However, on histopathological examination of the claw corium signs of laminitis such as vacuolisation of the Stratum basale, lymphocyte and leucocyte infiltration and thrombosis were found. These results indicate that endotoxin indeed may be involved in the pathogenesis of laminitis. For the development of a clinical acute laminitis model in cattle either another dosage, other toxins or factors in addition to the endotoxin used in this experiment are needed.

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Lactic Acidosis: a Factor Associated with Equine Laminitis

Cited by 107 publications

References 9 publications

In vitro fermentation of different ratios of alfalfa and starch or inulin incubated with an equine faecal inoculum

In vitro fermentation of different ratios of alfalfa and starch or inulin incubated with an equine faecal inoculum

Effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on digestibility and fermentation end-products in horses fed low- and high-starch concentrates1

The role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of acute bovine laminitis

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