Lactational Response to Soybean Meal, Heated Soybean Meal, and Extruded Soybeans with Ruminally Protected Methionine

Abstract

Seventy-three high producing Holstein cows were arranged in a 3 X 2 factorial to evaluate three protein supplements (soybean meal, heat-treated soybean meal, and extruded blend of soybeans and soybean meal) without or with 15 g/head/d of ruminally protected DL-methionine during wk 4 through 16 postpartum. Total mixed diets contained (DM basis) 30% corn silage, 15% alfalfa hay, and 55% of the respective concentrate mix. Milk production was higher when cows were fed either heated soybean product instead of soybean meal. Methionine supplementation increased production when fed with soybean meal (32.2 and 33.8 kg/d) but not when fed with heat-treated soybean meal (34.5 and 33.0 kg/d) or extruded soybeans (36.2 and 34.4 kg/d). Milk fat percentages were lower with extruded soybeans (3.01, 2.93, and 2.66) and were similar without (2.83) or with (2.90) supplemental methionine. Milk protein percentages were highest when fed soybean meal, lowest with extruded soybeans (3.02, 2.92, and 2.87), and higher with supplemental methionine (2.91 and 2.96). Dry matter intake was higher when fed supplemental methionine (20.0 and 21.3 kg/d). Production of milk in early lactation high producing dairy cows was increased by supplementing a soybean meal diet with ruminally protected methionine or by replacing the soybean meal with heat-treated soybean meal, soybeans, or a mixture of the two.

The effects of legume seeds on the lactation performance of dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets

“…In line with our results, Mielke and Schingoethe (1981) reported no response in milk production of cows fed heat treated soybeans. Schingoethe et al (1988) reported a depression of milk fat for dairy cows fed heated soybeans whereas Faldet and Satter (1991) and our study showed that milk fat percentage was similar among treatments. Fat yield was higher for the heated soybean diet in the study by Faldet and Satter (1991) whereas no effect on fat yield was detected in our study among different diets.…”

Effects of toasting blue lupins, soybeans or barley as supplement for high-yielding, organic dairy cows fed grass-clover silage ad libitum

“…According to a review by Santos et al (1998), the literature does not give a consistent picture of the effect of heat treatment of supplement feed on milk production. Studies by Netemeyer et al (1982), Forster et al (1983, Schingoethe et al (1988), Faldet and Satter (1991), Tuori (1992) and Bertilsson et al (1994) showed increased milk production after heat treatment of the supplement feed. Several other experiments found very small or no effect of heat treatment of supplement (Ahrar and Schingoethe, 1979;Mielke and Schingoethe, 1981;Annexstad et al, 1987;Bernard, 1990;Framstad et al, 1991;Tuori, 1992;McNiven et al, 1995;Huhtanen and Heikkilä, 1996;Pires et al, 1996;Henriksen, 1999;Rinne et al, 1999).…”

Impacts of the Source and Amount of Crude Protein on the Intestinal Supply of Nitrogen Fractions and Performance of Dairy Cows

“…Mean and median values were similar for all variables in this data set. A significant curvilinear relationship (R 2 = 0.19) was found between milk yield and the concentration of CP All data were taken or calculated from experiments reported in 112 independent studies (Barney et al, 1981;Mielke and Schingoethe, 1981;van Dijk et al, 1983;Henderson et al, 1985;Polan et al, 1985Polan et al, , 1997Van Horn et al, 1985;Broderick, 1986Broderick, , 1992Broderick, , 2003Lundquist et al, 1986;Annexstad et al, 1987;Garnsworthy and Jones, 1987;Howard et al, 1987;Jaquette et al, 1987;Kaim et al, 1987;Bowman et al, 1988;Hadsell and Sommerfeldt, 1988;Jones and Garnsworthy, 1988;Léonard and Block, 1988;Manson and Leaver, 1988;Robinson and Kennelly, 1988;Schingoethe et al, 1988;Sloan and Rowlinson, 1988;Voss et al, 1988;Bruckental et al, 1989Bruckental et al, , 2000De Gracia et al, 1989;Garnsworthy, 1989;Herrera-Saldana and Huber, 1989;Higginbotham et al, 1989;Mä ntysaari et al, 1989;Blauwiekel et al, 1990;Broderick et al, 1990Broderick et al, , 1993Canfield et al, 1990;Casper et al, 1990Casper et al, , 1999…”