Lactation Performance of German Fawn Goat in Relation to Feeding Level and Dietary Protein Protection

Abstract

Effects of high and low levels of feeding with or without protected protein on the performance of lactating goats were studied. Twenty four German Fawn goats either from 1st (43.37±3.937 kg and 2 year old) or 3rd 62.64±6.783 kg and 4-5 year old) parity were used for the trial. Feeding levels were 7.2 (I) and 5.2 (II) MJ ME/litre of milk of 3.5% fat in addition to that of the maintenance allowance. At each feeding level, diet had either unprotected (U) or formaldehyde protected (P) soya-meal. Thus, four diets were IU, IP, IIU and IIP, having six animals in each. The diets were composed of hay and pellet (10:4:1 of beet pulp : barley : soya-meal). Effect of feeding level, protein protection, parity, health status and kid number on intake, milk yield, milk composition, growth rate of goats were recorded across the 21 weeks of study. High feeding level resulted increase (p<0.001) in estimated metabolizable energy (ME) and metabolizable protein (MP) availability. Dietary inclusion of protected soya-meal increased (p<0.001) the estimated MP but not the ME availability. Animals in 1st parity ate more (p<0.001) DM (111 vs. 102 g/kg W 0.75 /d) than those in 3rd parity. Animals with twin kids (110 g/kg W 0.75 /d) had higher (p<0.001) DM intake than those with single kid (102 g/kg W 0.75 /d). Fat (4%) corrected milk (FCM) yield was not effected by high (1,924 g/d) or low (1,927 g/d) feeding level but increased (p<0.001) with protected (2,166 g/d) compared with unprotected (1,703 g/d) soya-meal. FCM yield for four dietary combinations were 1,806, 2,078, 1,600 and 2,254 g/d for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively. For unit increase (g) in estimated MP availability relative to ME (MJ) intake, FCM yield increased 1,418(±275.6) g daily (r 2 =0.58; p<0.001). Milk fat (3.14 vs. 3.54%; p<0.001) and protein (2.94 vs. 3.04% p<0.05) contents were lower at high than the low feeding level. Protected protein increased (p<0.001) the fat, lactose and net energy (NE) content of milk. Milk urea concentration of 175, 183, 192 and 204 mg/l for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively indicated lower RDP content of these diets. The RDP contents were 6.97, 6.70, 7.30 and 6.83 g/MJ of ME for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively. Live weight change over the experimental period were 41, 6, 17 and 19 g/d. Absence of any positive response of high feeding was probably due to inefficient rumen fermentation resulting from inadequate RDP supply. Protected protein improved production performance apparently by increasing MP:ME ratio in the absorbed nutrient.

Effect of Protected Soybean Meal on Milk Yield and Composition in Local Meriz Goats

“…(Yoruk et al, 2006), therefore, this results may due to an increase in estimated MP availability in formaldehyde treated group (Table 3.) which may resulted in a higher yield. Similar results were obtained earlier by Chowdhury et al, (2002), andEl-Shabrawy (2006) who reported an increase in milk yield in goats fed formaldehyde treated soybean meal compared to those fed untreated soybean meal. On the other hand Hadjipanayiotou and Morand-Fehr, (1991) showed a non significant increase in FCM yield of Damascus goat with protected soybean meal.…”

“…Soybean meal (SBM) is the most commonly used protein supplement in broiler, beef and dairy rations. It is quite palatable and has a good amino acid balance with high availability (Yoruk et al, 2006).The impact of protected soybean meal on milk production was studied in goats, by Chowdhury et al, (2002), El-Shabrawy (2006), who reported an increase in milk yield in goats fed formaldehyde treated soybean meal compared to those fed untreated soybean meal. Moreover, Dosky (2007), Kassem et al, (2007) and Salih (2009) noted an increase in milk yield of ewes fed formaldehyde protected soybean meal.…”

Effects of supplemental feeding on performance of Kilis goats kept on pasture condition

“…It has been a well-known fact that supplementary feeding (flushing) before mating and during lactation affects milk yield and reproductive performance positively (Webb & Mamabolo 2004;Snyman 2010). Also, it has been well known that supplementary feeding before mating and during lactation in animals had positive effects on body condition score, ovulation rate and reproductive traits (Chowdhury et al 2002;Karikari & Blasu 2009;Ray et al 2012). …”

Influence of Varying Rumen Degradable to Undegradable Protein Ratios on Milk Yield, Composition and Some Blood Parameters of Karadi Ewes

“…Similarly, Hadjipanayiotou and Morand-Fehr (1991) showed a 9% increase (p<0.05) in FCM yield of Damascus goats with protected SBM. On the other hand, this response is lower than that of 27% increase in FCM yield reported by Chowdhury et al, (2002) (Small and Gordon, 1985) and goats (Brun-Bellut et al, 1990). Table (3): Means and S.E.…”

“…The highest percent (5.18±0.14%) and yield (56.74±2.93 gm/d) was recorded for T2, as compared to the control group. Similarly, other workers noted that protected SBM increased the fat percentage of German Fawn goats (Chowdhury et al, 2002), Awassi ewes (AL-Maula , 2004) and cows (Ashes et al, 1992). It seems that neither lactose percent nor yield was affected significantly by dietary treatment.…”