Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme Patterns in Leukoplakia, Submucous Fibrosis and Carcinoma of the Oral Mucosa in South Indians

Abstract

The lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern of biopsies from Indian oral leukoplakia, submucous fibrosis and carcinoma of the oral mucosa as well as that of oral mucous membrane biopsies from clinically normal Indian persons has been studied. The LDHIV/LDHII isoenzyme ratios found for leukoplakias, carcinomas and control biopsies did not differ significantly. The mean isoenzyme ratio of Indian control biopsies was significantly above that reported for Danish control biopsies. Submucous fibrosis was accompanied by a significant depression of the isoenzyme ratio. No clear correlation between LDH isoenzyme pattern and epithelial thickness was found. Smoking and chewing habits, which may be correlated with prevalence and localization of oral leukoplakias and carcinomas, did not significantly influence the isoenzymatic structure. Although final conclusions cannot be drawn, the high isoenzyme ratio of the Indian control material may represent an early precancerous condition, unrelated to smoking and chewing, preceding the histopathological manifestations of precancerous lesions.

Limited mouth opening in oral submucous fibrosis: reasons, ramifications, and remedies

“…In essence, LDH levels have been shown to increase in both fibrosis and hypoxia . While several studies have implicated total LDH in the pathogenesis of OSF , surprisingly, very few have studied specific isoforms of LDH . Among these isoforms, LDH‐I, LDH‐II, and LDH‐III are the aerobic isoforms, while LDH‐IV and LDH‐V are the anaerobic isoforms .…”

Evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in saliva and serum of oral submucous fibrosis patients

“…Numerous attempts are being made to develop non‐invasive and reliable biochemical tests for the early detection and diagnosis. In recent years, total LDH and LDH isoenzyme activity is applied in the field of oral pathology for screening oral pre‐cancerous lesions and conditions like OSMF , leukoplakia , lichen planus , and oral cancers . The LDH enzyme activity in OSMF can be related to the following factors: hypoxia6, alterations in glycolysis , and fibrosis .…”

Histopathological differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary lactate dehydrogenase: A biochemical study

“…[2] Comparison of tissue LDH isoenzyme ratios in biopsy specimen of oral cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia with normal controls, showed altered ratios in oral cancer and oral submucous fibrosis. [6] Salivary LDH levels were high in OSCC patients when compared to normal subjects in various studies. [3] Salivary LDH levels in histological differentiation of OSCC have not been reported in the literature.…”