Lack of utility in clinical practice of cytologic examination of nonbloody cyst fluid from palpable breast cysts

Hindle, William H.; Arias, Raquel De Paz; Florentine, Barbara D.; Whang, Janet

doi:10.1067/mob.2000.106184

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The relationship between GCBD and BC represents the main conundrum. Although several studies have indicated GCBD as a precancerous lesion with higher risk of subsequent BC development [5,6,26,32,42,47,57,61,63], others have not [9,15,29,36,39,44,46,58,60,64,71,72]. Controversial results have also been obtained for different risk profiles of apocrine and flattened subtypes of gross cysts, suggesting that the lack of standardization does not prevent adoption of BCF biomarkers as useful diagnostic tools.…”

Section: Conundrums Controversies and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Studies demonstrated that apocrine cells may be revealed in about 90% of Type I gross cysts and in about 40% of Type II cysts [25, 27,68]. Results of cytological examination are contradictory: some Authors suggest that the routine cytology is not recommended and is wasteful of time and resource because lacks of diagnostic utility in clinical practice [69][70][71][72][73]. On the other hand, several papers have demonstrated that cyto-morphology of breast gross cysts allows to identify apocrine metaplasia or epithelial hyperplasia that could reflect different functional stages of gross cyst development, a pathogenetically important marker of BC risk [25,27,[74][75][76].…”

Section: Morphological Examination Of Cells Found In Bcfmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the other hand, several papers have demonstrated that cyto-morphology of breast gross cysts allows to identify apocrine metaplasia or epithelial hyperplasia that could reflect different functional stages of gross cyst development, a pathogenetically important marker of BC risk [25,27,[74][75][76]. Although in clinical practice frankly bloody BCFs must be used to routine cytology [71,72], all other BCF samples should be not discarded and morphologically examined to exclude clinically important atypias, using not only routine but also selective approaches (e.g., computer-aided cytomorphometry, electron microscopy).…”

Section: Morphological Examination Of Cells Found In Bcfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human gross cyst breast disease and cystic fluid: bio-molecular, morphological, and clinical studies

Mannello

Tonti

Papa

2005

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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For more than one and a half century the cystic disease of the breast has been recognized as the most frequent female benign breast lesion. Although some conundrums and controversies exist about the relation between gross cysts and breast cancer, recent evidence suggests that the multidisciplinary study of gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) may be a powerful tool for predicting the natural history of the multifaceted gross cyst pathology. A lot of papers have been published on breast cyst fluids (BCF) concerning biochemical, hormonal and morphological aspects, demonstrating that the intracystic fluid contains a wide variety of components (such as ions, lipids, proteins, enzymes, growth factors and antigens) and suggesting that their profile provides additional knowledge on both physiopathology and etiologic pathways of human gross cystic breast disease. The aim of this overview is the critical evaluation of all data accumulated in the last thirty years, in order to highlight the utility of biochemical and epidemiological studies to identify gross cysts, if any, at higher breast cancer risk.

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Section: Conundrums Controversies and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Morphological Examination Of Cells Found In Bcfmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Morphological Examination Of Cells Found In Bcfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human gross cyst breast disease and cystic fluid: bio-molecular, morphological, and clinical studies

Mannello

Tonti

Papa

2005

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…If there is persistence of a symptomatic breast cyst, fine needle aspiration can be resorted to. The fluid should be cytologically assessed if blood stained [58].…”

Section: Simple Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast problems in children and adolescents

Ameryckx

Leunen

Wylock

et al. 2005

Eur Clinics Obstet Gynecol

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Paediatric breast disorders represent a varied set of abnormalities. The bulk of breast pathology in children and adolescents consists of congenital and developmental anomalies, infections and tumours of which most are benign. As breast development represents an important, early manifestation of female sexuality, inadequate development often constitutes a major worry for the adolescent and her parents. We briefly discuss the normal embryologic and physiologic aspects of breast development, which will serve as an introduction to the congenital and developmental problems seen in young girls and adolescents. Keywords Amastia . Breast . Breast abcess . Breast asymmetry . Breast cyst . Breast hypertrophy . Breast hypoplasia . Breast tumour . Mastitis . Supernumerary breasts/nipples . Thelarche . Tuberous breast Early developmental aspectsBreast development is a progressive process that is initiated during embryonic life. At 4 weeks' gestation, a mammary ridge develops on either side of the ventral wall of the embryo. These symmetric thickenings of the ectoderm extend from the area of the future axilla to the future inguinal region. In humans, this so called "milk line" normally disappears during the 3rd month of intrauterine life except at the level of the 4th intercostal space where the breast starts to develop. There, the remnant of the mammary ridge begins to proliferate and produces the primary bud of the mammary gland in the 5th week. This bud grows down into the underlying mesenchyme. During the 10th week, the primary bud begins to branch, and by the 12th week, several secondary buds have formed. These buds lengthen and branch throughout fetal life. During the last trimester,

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“…Although today, breast cyst aspiration is a routine procedure 14 , evaluation of nonbloody cyst fluidcan at times be of non diagnostic value 15 .False Negative Cytologic Diagnosis of Breast Carcinoma has also been described 16 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Meme Kistlerinin Patolojik Panoraması

Sankaye¹,

Kachewar²

2014

Cukurova Medical Journal

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Purpose: Cystic breast lesions are a common finding in young as well as elderly females. Although, mostly benign; they can at times be malignant too. Timely diagnosis is possible with help of Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). This study was carried out with the aim of studying the panorama of various cystic breast lesions on FNAC in our setup. Materials and Methods: This was a four year prospective study carried out from May 2010 to January 2014. Cystic nature of breast mass was confirmed by palpation and by sonomammography. FNAC was then performed and the smears were stained with MGG and Papanicolaou stain. Results: Out of the 72 cases that were diagnosed to be cystic breast lesions clinically or on sonomammography, 64 were found to be benign and 08 were found to be malignant on FNAC. Retrospective imaging correlation of the 08 cystic cases revealed that they were of complex cystic nature and had either thick septae( 03), solid areas (04) or dense contents (01) within. This internal nature of cystic lesions that were found to be malignant on FNAC was not identifiable by clinical palpation alone. None of the lesions diagnosed as simple cystic lesion on sonomammography was found to be malignant on FNAC. Conclusions: FNAC is a satisfactory technique for the primary categorization of palpable cystic breast lumps into benign and malignant categories. Cystic breast lesions are more commonly benign than malignant. Palpation alone cannot identify the simple or complex nature of any palpable cystic lesion and hence sonomammography and ultrasound guided FNAC are indicated in complex cystic lesions of breast.

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Lack of utility in clinical practice of cytologic examination of nonbloody cyst fluid from palpable breast cysts

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Human gross cyst breast disease and cystic fluid: bio-molecular, morphological, and clinical studies

Human gross cyst breast disease and cystic fluid: bio-molecular, morphological, and clinical studies

Breast problems in children and adolescents

Meme Kistlerinin Patolojik Panoraması

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