Lack of persistent hepatitis E virus infection as a cause for unexplained transaminase elevation in renal transplant recipients in India

Munjal, Sachin Dev; Gupta, Neha; Sharma, Raj Kumar; Gupta, Amit; Prasad, N.; Kaul, Anupama; Bhadauria, Dharmendra; Goel, Amit; Aggarwal, Rakesh

doi:10.1007/s12664-014-0508-5

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This genotype differs from the more common genotype 1 in having a large animal reservoir, zoonotic spread to humans, potential to persist in immunosuppressed persons , and to produce non‐hepatic manifestations . In contrast, chronic infection is virtually unknown with genotype 1 HEV .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of hepatitis E viraemia among blood donors: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is usually transmitted by faecal-oral route. Recent reports have documented HEV viraemia in donated blood units and HEV transmission through blood transfusion. This systematic review summarizes the available data on prevalence of HEV viraemia in blood donors.Methods Electronic databases were searched on 17 December 2018 to identify full-text English papers reporting original data on prevalence of HEV RNA in donated blood units. Two authors independently extracted the relevant data, which were pooled using simple aggregation as well as a random-effects metaanalysis; heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 method.Results In all, 59 data sets from 28 countries were identified. The available data showed marked heterogeneity. Of a total of 2 127 832 units studied, 561 (263Á6 [95% confidence intervals = 242Á7-286Á4] per million units) tested positive for HEV RNA. On random-effects meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence was 60Á9 [6Á7-155Á4] per million units. In the viraemic units, HEV RNA titre varied by nearly one million-fold, and most had genotype 3 HEV. The prevalence was higher in blood units with anti-HEV antibodies or elevated alanine aminotransferase. Only nearly one-fourth of viraemic units had anti-HEV antibodies. ConclusionsThe prevalence of HEV viraemia among healthy blood donors is low, though the available data had limited geographical representation and marked heterogeneity. There is a need for further data on HEV viraemia in blood donors from areas with non-3 HEV genotype preponderance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of hepatitis E viraemia among blood donors: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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“… Agarwala et al (2018) reported the absence of HEV viremia in a cohort of 30 liver transplant recipients till the 6 months post-transplant follow-up, despite 20% seropositivity. Similarly, a cohort of studies by Naik et al (2013) and Munjal et al (2014) demonstrated no viremia in a cohort of 205 renal transplant recipients since transplantation and no detectable HEV RNA in 49 renal transplant recipients, respectively. These observations suggest to us the limited potential of the circulating HEV genotype-1 to cause chronic infections in the Indian population.…”

Section: Chronicity In Immunocompromised Organ Transplant Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Viral Hepatitis E and Chronicity: A Growing Public Health Concern

et al. 2020

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Hepatitis E viral infection recently emerges as a global health concern. Over the last decade, the understanding of hepatitis E virus (HEV) had changed with the discovery of new genotypes like genotype-7 and genotype-8 with associated host and mode of infection. Diversification in the mode of hepatitis E infection transmission through blood transfusion, and organ transplants in contrast to classical feco-oral and zoonotic mode is the recent medical concern. The wide spectrum of infection ranging from self-limiting to acute liver failure is now overpowered by HEV genotype-specific chronic infection especially in transplant patients. This concern is further escalated by the extra-hepatic manifestations of HEV targeting the central nervous system (CNS), kidney, heart, and pancreas. However, with the development of advanced efficient cell culture systems and animal models simulating the infection, much clarity toward understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of HEV has been developed. Also this facilitates the development of vaccines research or therapeutics. In this review, we highlight all the novel findings in every aspect of HEV with special emphasis on recently emerging chronic mode of infection with specific diagnosis and treatment regime with an optimistic hope to help virologists and/or liver specialists working in the field of viral hepatitis.

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Section: Clinical Spectrum Of Genotype 1 Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In India, with hepatitis E illnesses caused exclusively by HEV GT1, chronic HEV appears to be rare or nonexistent, even in immunosuppressed persons, 13 with only occasional case reports. 14 In recent years, HEV has been shown to be capable of transmission through transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products.…”

Section: Chronic Hev Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%