Lack of effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid administration on markers of oxidative stress during early pregnancy in mice

Dinamarca, Vinka Margarita; Hidalgo, María Eliana; Cavieres, María Fernanda

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.05.002

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…In a study by Dinamarca et al (2007), ICR/Jcl mice were mated, and subsequently administered 2,4-D as a "pure compound" (purity unspecified) or as a commercially available formulation available in Chile (unspecified) in drinking water at concentrations providing mg/kg/day doses of 0, 0.01, 0.10 or 100 mg/kg/day from gestational day (GD) 0-9. The dose spacing in this study was designed to address the low dose hypothesis proposed by Cavieres et al (2002).…”

Section: Other Mammalian Studies Relevant To Potential Interactions Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight-of-the-evidence evaluation of 2,4-D potential for interactions with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways and steroidogenesis

Neal

Marty

Coady

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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A comprehensive weight-of-the-evidence evaluation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was conducted for potential interactions with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways and with steroidogenesis. This assessment was based on an extensive database of high quality in vitro, in vivo ecotoxicological and in vivo mammalian toxicological studies. Epidemiological studies were also considered. Toxicokinetic data provided the basis for determining rational cutoffs above which exposures were considered irrelevant to humans based on exceeding thresholds for saturation of renal clearance (TSRC); extensive human exposure and biomonitoring data support that these boundaries far exceed human exposures and provide ample margins of exposure. 2,4-D showed no evidence of interacting with the estrogen or androgen pathways. 2,4-D interacts with the thyroid axis in rats through displacement of thyroxine from plasma binding sites only at high doses exceeding the TSRC in mammals. 2,4-D effects on steroidogenesis parameters are likely related to high-dose specific systemic toxicity at doses exceeding the TSRC and are not likely to be endocrine mediated. No studies, including high quality studies in the published literature, predict significant endocrine-related toxicity or functional decrements in any species at environmentally relevant concentrations, or, in mammals, at doses below the TSRC that are relevant for human hazard and risk assessment. Overall, there is no basis for concern regarding potential interactions of 2,4-D with endocrine pathways or axes (estrogen, androgen, steroidogenesis or thyroid), and thus 2,4-D is unlikely to pose a threat from endocrine disruption to wildlife or humans under conditions of real-world exposures.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Other Mammalian Studies Relevant To Potential Interactions Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight-of-the-evidence evaluation of 2,4-D potential for interactions with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways and steroidogenesis

Neal

Marty

Coady

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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show abstract

“…Only as a few examples, pure G did not alter catalase and SOD activity in the liver of rats (Beuret et al, 2005) while SOD activity in roots and leaves of pea plants was not affected by the treatment with imazethapyr, an imidazolinone herbicide (Zabalza et al, 2007). Moreover, while catalase activation in yeast had been already associated to the herbicide 2,4-D (Teixeira et al, 2004;Teixeira et al, 2007), either a commercial formulation containing 2,4-D or pure G did not alter catalase activity in mice (Dinamarca et al, 2007). Nevertheless, our data for S are in good agreement with a recent report for another G-based formulation (Roundup Ultra 360 SL) that induced catalase activity in human erythrocytes after very short treatments (Pieniazek et al, 2004).…”

Section: Monitoring Of Herbicide-induced Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as a Tool to Evaluate the Effects of Herbicides on Eukaryotic Life

Braconi¹,

Bernardini²,

Millucci³

et al. 2011

Herbicides and Environment

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“…These results are partly in accordance despite the differences between studies in their settings, materials and experimental designs. While, in an investigation done by Dinamarca et al (2007) who looked for the effects of 2,4-D on the generation of oxidative stress during early pregnancy in mice, they proved that 2,4-D in the concentrations usually found in blood can not provoke oxidative stress. Indeed, these negative results agree with others in that 2,4-D seems to induce in vivo oxidation only with high doses and with increasing length of administration period.…”

Section: Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Induced by the 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Herbicide

Tayeb¹,

Nakbi²,

Chaieb³

et al. 2012

Oxidative Stress - Environmental Induction and Dietary Antioxidants

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Lack of effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid administration on markers of oxidative stress during early pregnancy in mice

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Weight-of-the-evidence evaluation of 2,4-D potential for interactions with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways and steroidogenesis

Weight-of-the-evidence evaluation of 2,4-D potential for interactions with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways and steroidogenesis

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as a Tool to Evaluate the Effects of Herbicides on Eukaryotic Life

Oxidative Stress Induced by the 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Herbicide

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