“…Some sleep characteristics, such as a lower sleep efficiency (Berezuk et al, 2015; Del Brutto, Mera, Del Brutto, & Castillo, 2019) have been associated with higher PVS load, but other studies have reported no associations for those same, and other sleep characteristics (Aribisala et al, 2019; Berezuk et al, 2015; Burnett, Witte, & Ahlskog, 2014; Del Brutto, Mera, Del Brutto, & Castillo, 2020; Opel et al, 2019; Ramirez et al, 2021; Si et al, 2020; Song et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2021). Studies using population‐based samples, to see if findings generalise outside of a clinical context, are scarce (Aribisala et al, 2019; Del Brutto et al, 2019, 2020). Also, associations may differ due to the use of subjective versus objective measurements (Del Brutto et al, 2019), as subjective measurements also reflect the experience of sleep and are therefore more influenced by other factors than physiological sleep alone.…”