Laboratory Evaluation of Mosquito Traps Baited With a Synthetic Human Odor Blend to Capture Aedes Aegypti

Silva, Ivoneide M.; Eiras, Álvaro Eduardo; Kline, Daniel L.; Bernier, Ulrich R.

doi:10.2987/8756-971x(2005)21[229:leomtb]2.0.co;2

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar to previous field evaluations of synthetic blends for attracting Aedes aegypti , the principle vector of yellow fever and dengue [10], [14], [23], and Anopheles gambiae , the most important vector of malaria globally [13], our findings confirm that it is possible to formulate synthetic odor blends which attract as many mosquitoes as human odors, even without including all the biologically active components naturally found in the human emanations. In this study, we did not assume that a ‘surrogate human’ would consist of only the few compounds that we included.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Development and Field Evaluation of a Synthetic Mosquito Lure That Is More Attractive than Humans

et al. 2010

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BackgroundDisease transmitting mosquitoes locate humans and other blood hosts by identifying their characteristic odor profiles. Using their olfactory organs, the mosquitoes detect compounds present in human breath, sweat and skins, and use these as cues to locate and obtain blood from the humans. These odor compounds can be synthesized in vitro, then formulated to mimic humans. While some synthetic mosquito lures already exist, evidence supporting their utility is limited to laboratory settings, where long-range stimuli cannot be investigated.Methodology and Principal FindingsHere we report the development and field evaluation of an odor blend consisting of known mosquito attractants namely carbon dioxide, ammonia and carboxylic acids, which was optimized at distances comparable with attractive ranges of humans to mosquitoes. Binary choice assays were conducted inside a large-cage semi-field enclosure using attractant-baited traps placed 20 m apart. This enabled high-throughput optimization of concentrations at which the individual candidate attractants needed to be added so as to obtain a blend maximally attractive to laboratory-reared An. gambiae. To determine whether wild mosquitoes would also be attracted to this synthetic odor blend and to compare it with whole humans under epidemiologically relevant conditions, field experiments were conducted inside experimental huts, where the blend was compared with 10 different adult male volunteers (20-34 years old). The blend attracted 3 to 5 times more mosquitoes than humans when the two baits were in different experimental huts (10–100 metres apart), but was equally or less attractive than humans when compared side by side within same huts.Conclusion and SignificanceThis highly attractive substitute for human baits might enable development of technologies for trapping mosquitoes in numbers sufficient to prevent rather than merely monitor transmission of mosquito-borne diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Development and Field Evaluation of a Synthetic Mosquito Lure That Is More Attractive than Humans

et al. 2010

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“…However, such a preference was not observed in the present study, not only with regard to the different contrast patterns tested in the BGS (including stripes and checkering), but also for the ineffectiveness of the Fay-Prince trap, which uses black-white contrast as its principal attractant. This trap has been used extensively for the capture of Culicidae of the genus Aedes , for which it is relatively effective, particularly when baited with synthetic attractants (Silva et al 2005). The striped and checkered BGSs used in the present study were as ineffective as the Fay-Prince traps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the BG-Malaria trap as an alternative to human-landing catches for the capture of Anopheles darlingi

Gama

Silva

Geier

et al. 2013

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Although the human-landing catch (HLC) method is the most effective for collecting anthropophilic anophelines, it has been increasingly abandoned, primarily for ethical considerations. The objective of the present study was to develop a new trap for the collection of Anopheles darlingi . The initial trials were conducted using the BG-Sentinel trap as a standard for further trap development based on colour, airflow direction and illumination. The performance of the trap was then compared with those of the CDC, Fay-Prince, counterflow geometry trap (CFG) and HLC. All trials were conducted outdoors between 06:00 pm-08:00 pm. Female specimens of An. darlingi were dissected to determine their parity. A total of 8,334 anophelines were captured, of which 4,945 were identified as An. darlingi . The best trap configuration was an all-white version, with an upward airflow and no required light source. This configuration was subsequently named BG-Malaria (BGM). The BGM captured significantly more anophelines than any of the other traps tested and was similar to HLC with respect to the number and parity of anophelines. The BGM trap can be used as an alternative to HLC for collecting anophelines.

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“…Moreover, the efficacy of chemical communication often relies on the production, by a sender, of mixtures of VOCs with characteristic proportions components and corresponding selectivity for the natural proportions by a receiver (e.g. Visser and Avé 1978; Cardé and Minks 1995; Takken et al 1997; Bruce et al 2005; Silva et al 2005; Tasin et al 2006; Najar-Rodriguez et al 2010; Cha et al 2011). This phenomenon is thought to be a co-evolutionary adaptation between senders and receivers that improves the accuracy of communication; however, how proportionality is encoded in the brain of the receiver is still poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous firing of antennal-lobe projection neurons encodes the behaviorally effective ratio of sex-pheromone components in male Manduca sexta

et al. 2013

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Olfactory stimuli that are essential to an animal's survival and reproduction are often complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds in characteristic proportions. Here, we investigated how these proportions are encoded in the primary olfactory processing center, the antennal lobe (AL), of male Manduca sexta moths. Two key components of the female's sex pheromone, present in an approximately 2:1 ratio, are processed in each of two neighboring glomeruli in the macroglomerular complex (MGC) of males of this species. In wind-tunnel flight experiments, males exhibited behavioral selectivity for ratios approximating the ratio released by conspecific females. The ratio between components was poorly represented, however, in the firing-rate output of uniglomerular MGC projection neurons (PNs). PN firing rate was mostly insensitive to the ratio between components, and individual PNs did not exhibit a preference for a particular ratio. Recording simultaneously from pairs of PNs in the same glomerulus, we found that the natural ratio between components elicited the most synchronous spikes, and altering the proportion of either component decreased the proportion of synchronous spikes. The degree of synchronous firing between PNs in the same glomerulus thus selectively encodes the natural ratio that most effectively evokes the natural behavioral response to pheromone.

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Laboratory Evaluation of Mosquito Traps Baited With a Synthetic Human Odor Blend to Capture Aedes Aegypti

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Development and Field Evaluation of a Synthetic Mosquito Lure That Is More Attractive than Humans

Development and Field Evaluation of a Synthetic Mosquito Lure That Is More Attractive than Humans

Development of the BG-Malaria trap as an alternative to human-landing catches for the capture of Anopheles darlingi

Synchronous firing of antennal-lobe projection neurons encodes the behaviorally effective ratio of sex-pheromone components in male Manduca sexta

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