Laboratory-confirmed case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in Malaysia: preparedness and response, April 2014

Devi, Junu; Noraini, Wan; Norhayati, R; Kheong, Chong Chee; Badrul, A S; Saat, Zainah; Kamaludin, Fadzilah; Hirman, Ikmal Haqim; Hakim, S Lokman; Hisham, Akmal

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.18.20797

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The patient had traveled to Saudi Arabia days before to make a pilgrimage. There were no positive cases in their close contacts [51]. The first reported case of MERS-CoV infection in the USA was from an individual who had traveled to Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Mers-cov: Another Worrying Outbreak Of Cov Respiratory Infecmentioning

confidence: 95%

The emergence of SARS, MERS and novel SARS-2 coronaviruses in the 21st century

2020

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At the beginning of the 21st century, a new deadly infectious disease known as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was recognized as a global public health threat. Subsequently, ten years after the initial SARS cases occurred in 2002, new cases of another atypical respiratory disease caused worldwide concern. This disease became known as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and was even more lethal than SARS. Currently, history has repeated itself with the emergence of a new Chinese epidemic at the end of 2019. For this respiratory disease, called COVID-19, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the etiologic agent. In sum, SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are caused by recently discovered coronaviruses that cause flu-like illnesses, but with a clinical outcome that tends to be more severe. As a result of the current importance of coronaviruses in global public health, we conducted a review to summarize and update, above all, the epidemiological historical aspects of the three major diseases in humans caused by coronaviral infection.Handling Editor: Yue Wang. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1007/s0070 5-020-04628 -0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Section: Mers-cov: Another Worrying Outbreak Of Cov Respiratory Infecmentioning

confidence: 95%

The emergence of SARS, MERS and novel SARS-2 coronaviruses in the 21st century

2020

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“…4) (Kupferschmidt 2014). Ahmed (2017a, b), Al Hammadi et al (2015), Al salihi and Alrodhan (2017) 2015), Buchholz et al (2013), Chan et al (2014Chan et al ( , 2015, Chu et al (2014Chu et al ( , 2015Chu et al ( , 2018, Corman et al (2014a, Cotten et al (2013Cotten et al ( , 2014, Crameri et al (2015), Deem et al (2015), Devi et al (2014), Drosten et al (2015), Du and Han (2016), Dudas et al (2018), Durai et al (2015), Eckerle et al (2014), El Bushra et al (2016, Fanoy et al (2014), Farag et al (2015), Fehr et al (2017), Ferguson and Van Kerkhove (2014), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2017), Funk et al (2016), Gardner and MacIntyre (2014), Gossner et al (2016), Gutiérrez et al (2015), Haagmans et al (2014Haagmans et al ( , 2016, Han et al (2016), Hemida et al (2013Hemida et al ( , 2014Hemida et al ( , 2015Hemida et al ( , 2017, Holmes (2014), Hunter et al (2016), Kayali and Peiris (2015),…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Zoonotic Pathogens of Dromedary Camels

2019

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Dromedary, or one-humped, camels Camelus dromedarius are an almost exclusively domesticated species that are common in arid areas as both beasts of burden and production animals for meat and milk.Currently, there are approximately 30 million dromedary camels, with highest numbers in Africa and the Middle East. The hardiness of camels in arid regions has made humans more dependent on them, especially as a stable protein source. Camels also carry and may transmit disease-causing agents to humans and other animals. The ability for camels to act as a point source or vector for disease is a concern due to increasing human demands for meat, lack of biosafety and biosecurity protocols in many regions, and a growth in the interface with wildlife as camel herds become sympatric with non-domestic species. We conducted a literature review of camel-borne zoonotic diseases and found that the majority of publications (65%) focused on Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), brucellosis, Echinococcus granulosus, and Rift Valley fever. The high fatality from MERS outbreaks during 2012-2016 elicited an immediate response from the research community as demonstrated by a surge of MERS-related publications. However, we contend that other camel-borne diseases such as Yersinia pestis, Coxiella burnetii, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever are just as important to include in surveillance efforts. Camel populations, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, are increasing exponentially in response to prolonged droughts, and thus, the risk of zoonoses increases as well. In this review, we provide an overview of the major zoonotic diseases present in dromedary camels, their risk to humans, and recommendations to minimize spillover events.

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“…When removing PPE, care should also be taken not to contact contaminated materials. Considering potential aerosol generation in operating rooms and the transmission risk of MERS-CoV while changing PPE, the temporary modification of an operating room to a negative-pressure room with an anteroom should provide suitable protection for HCWs participating in operations on MERS-related patients 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Prevention Measures for Surgical Procedures during a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South Korea

Park

Yoo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In 2015, we experienced the largest in-hospital Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak outside the Arabian Peninsula. We share the infection prevention measures for surgical procedures during the unexpected outbreak at our hospital. We reviewed all forms of related documents and collected information through interviews with healthcare workers of our hospital. After the onset of outbreak, a multidisciplinary team devised institutional MERS-control guidelines. Two standard operating rooms were converted to temporary negative-pressure rooms by physically decreasing the inflow air volume (−4.7 Pa in the main room and −1.2 Pa in the anteroom). Healthcare workers were equipped with standard or enhanced personal protective equipment according to the MERS-related patient's profile and symptoms. Six MERS-related patients underwent emergency surgery, including four MERS-exposed and two MERS-confirmed patients. Negative conversion of MERS-CoV polymerase chain reaction tests was noticed for MERS-confirmed patients before surgery. MERS-exposed patients were also tested twice preoperatively, all of which were negative. All operative procedures in MERSrelated patients were performed without specific adverse events or perioperative MERS transmission. Our experience with setting up a temporary negative-pressure operation room and our conservative approach for managing MERS-related patients can be referred in cases of future unexpected MERS outbreaks in non-endemic countries.The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a serious acute respiratory disease caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the mortality rates in infected patients are estimated at 20-40% 1 . Since the first case report in Saudi Arabia in 2012 2 , MERS outbreaks have occurred mainly in Middle Eastern countries and a small number of imported cases arose in Europe, Asia, United States, and Africa 3-7 . From May to July 2015, South Korea experienced the largest MERS outbreak outside the Arabian Peninsula 8,9 . The South Korean outbreak resulted in 186 laboratory-confirmed MERS cases, 92 of which were associated with our tertiary care hospital 10,11 . According to our institutional policy during the MERS outbreak, all elective surgeries for MERS-related patients were postponed when possible. However, several MERS-related patients inevitably required emergency operations under anesthesia. Two of the 92-MERS confirmed cases and four MERS-exposed patients underwent surgery. Although there is some literature regarding infection prevention during operative procedures for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 12,13 , guidelines or references for MERS prevention during perioperative patient care were very limited. Therefore, we developed institutional guidelines for perioperative MERS infection prevention and we set up a temporary negative-pressure operating room.In this globalized era, along with small and large outbreaks that persist in the Arabian Peninsula, MERS outbreaks may recur in any other regions, especially if a super spreader i...

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Laboratory-confirmed case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in Malaysia: preparedness and response, April 2014

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

The emergence of SARS, MERS and novel SARS-2 coronaviruses in the 21st century

The emergence of SARS, MERS and novel SARS-2 coronaviruses in the 21st century

A Review of Zoonotic Pathogens of Dromedary Camels

Infection Prevention Measures for Surgical Procedures during a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South Korea

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