Labor Force Participation by the Elderly and Employment of the young

Impact of Diabetes on Work Cessation

“…Further research is needed to ascertain the generalizability of our results outside the GAZEL cohort study, and more generally outside France. The French pattern of early transitions out of employment is characterized by a low age of retirement and by the importance of transitions through unemployment insurance and preretirement schemes, resulting in lower recourse to disability compared with other countries ( 17 ). Despite these differences, data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) suggest that the overall burden of health impairment on work cessation does not differ in France compared with other European countries ( 18 ).…”

Disability and Social Security Reforms The French Case

“…The French pattern of early transitions out of employment is basically explained by the low age at "normal" retirement and by the importance of transitions through unemployment insurance (UI) and preretirement schemes (PR) before access to normal retirement. The role of these various routes has been repeatedly demonstrated in previous contributions to these International Social Security (ISS) series volumes and again in the last one (Ben Salem et al 2010). These routes have exempted French workers from massively relying on disability motives for early exits, contrarily to the situation that prevails in some other countries where normal ages are high, unemployment benefi ts low, and preretirement schemes almost nonexistent.…”

“…Previous work from Ben Salem et al (2010) has underlined the correlation between changes in senior labor force participation and the key dates of retirement reforms or labor market policies toward senior workers in France. Until 1983, the decline in LFP for the sixty to sixty-four age group has been due to the opening of retirement at sixty for some specifi c subgroups of the population and to the development of early retirement schemes essentially targeted to this age bracket.…”

How to Combine the Entry of Young People in the Labour Market with the Retention of Older Workers?

“…They found no significant correlation between life expectation and the employment rate of young people. Moreover, Jousten et al 2010, Salem et al 2010 or Murphy and Welch 1992 also used longitude data within countries and emphasized weak substitutability between young and old workers.…”