2011
DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.004107
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Label-free in vivo fiber-based optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy

Abstract: In this Letter, the capability of label-free fiber-based optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy is demonstrated. This real-time imaging system takes advantage of image-guide fibers and a unique fiber laser. The 800 μm image-guide consists of 30,000 individual single-mode fibers in a bundle and the diode-pumped, pulsed Ytterbium fiber laser is utilized to perform up to 600 kHz repetition rate. Phantom studies indicate 7 μm resolution. The proposed setup keeps many of the powerful properties of previous tab… Show more

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Cited by 90 publications
(69 citation statements)
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“…2(B)). Far-red and infra-red spectral peaks have estimated pulse energies as high as ~100 ± 50nJ, higher than pulse energies used in previous OR-PAM experiments [11,13]. Four-wave mixing may be one source of SRS peak broadening as two or more wavelength may interact in order to produce an output at various sum or difference frequencies [23].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 95%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…2(B)). Far-red and infra-red spectral peaks have estimated pulse energies as high as ~100 ± 50nJ, higher than pulse energies used in previous OR-PAM experiments [11,13]. Four-wave mixing may be one source of SRS peak broadening as two or more wavelength may interact in order to produce an output at various sum or difference frequencies [23].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Furthermore, OR-PAM has proven useful for quantifying functional parameters down to capillary sizes [8]. Recent OR-PAM developments include real-time systems [9,10], small handheld systems [11,12], endoscopy systems [13][14][15], and novel detection schemes [16,17]. Fiber and microchip lasers have recently been introduced as high-repetition-rate sources for realtime OR-PAM [9,18]; however, the wavelength tunability was limited.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…OR-PAM images are obtained by scanning a diffraction limited focused spot which can be done deep in tissues using a fiber bundle optical endoscope [11,16] and detecting the sound with an external US transducer. Fully encapsulated AR-PAM endoscopes have been demonstrated by Yang et al [17,18] using a single mode fiber and an actuation system for the beam steering.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both images are formed using a 3 mm × 3 mm FPI. The small footprint and high sensitivity of the FPI makes this system a promising method for OR-PAM handheld and endoscopy applications [14,15].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%