Label-Free Comparative Proteomics Analysis Revealed Heat Stress Responsive Mechanism in Hypsizygus marmoreus

Abstract

Heat stress is an important adverse environmental stress that influences the growth and development of Hypsizygus marmoreus (white var.). However, the molecular basis of heat stress response in H. marmoreus remains poorly understood. In this study, label-free comparative proteomic technique was applied to investigate global protein expression profile of H. marmoreus mycelia under heat stress. Confocal laser scanning microscope observation revealed that mycelia underwent autolysis and apoptosis under heat stress. Autolysis was mediated by upregulating the expression of cell wall degradation enzymes and inhibiting cell wall synthesis enzymes, and apoptosis might be induced by ROS and activation of caspases. TBARS analysis indicated that ROS was accumulated in H. marmoreus mycelia under heat stress. H. marmoreus induced antioxidant defense system by upregulating the expression of catalases, superoxide dismutases and peroxidases to prevent oxidative damage. MAPK cascade was found to be involved in heat stress signal transduction. The stress signal induced a ubiquitous defense response: inducible expression of different kinds of heat shock proteins. Trehalose synthesis enzymes were also upregulated, suggesting the accumulation of stress protector trehalose under heat stress. Besides, upregulated proteasome was identified, which could prevented the accumulation of non-functional misfolding proteins. To satisfy ATP depletion in heat response cellular processes, such as ROS scavenging, and protein folding and synthesis, enzymes involved in energy production (carbon metabolism and ATP synthesis) system were upregulated under heat stress. Taken together, these findings improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of heat stress in H. marmoreus.

Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata (Daqiugaigu)

“…The monokaryotic strain was confirmed by the absence of a clamp connection and a lower growth rate compared with the dikaryotic mycelia. S. rugosoannulata mycelia were cultivated and maintained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates as previously described [35].…”

“…The S. rugosoannulata genome and RNA-Seq was sequenced using Illumina Navaseq 6000 (paired-end, 2 × 150 bp) and Nanopore PromethlON 48 sequencing technology platforms, with a sequencing depth of >50 for the Illumina platform and >100 for the Nanopore platform. Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent (Takara, Dalian, China) as previously described [35]. RNA-seq was performed using the Illumina platform.…”

“…LC-MS/MS analysis of peptides was performed using the Nano-LC system, coupled with the Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific), as previously described [35]. Peptide identification and quantitation were performed using MaxQuant software [48].…”

Responses of the Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus under Different CO2 Concentration by Comparative Proteomic Analyses

“…The 131 DEPs were divided into 22 terms, involving 4 BP, 6 CC, and 12 MF terms. The more conspicuous terms of each category were as follows: carbohydrate metabolic process (17), organic substance metabolic process (39), peptide metabolic process (8), and other metabolic processes (40) for BP; non-membrane-bounded organelle (13), intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle (13), ribosome (7), intracellular anatomical structure (23), intracellular organelle (20), and organelle (20) for CC; and hydrolase activity (46), exopeptidase activity (7), hydrolase activity acting on hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds ( 14), hydrolase activity acting on glycosyl bonds (14), catalytic activity (76), peptidase activity ( 14), hydrolase activity acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds ( 6), serine hydrolase activity (5), serine-type peptidase activity (5), metallopeptidase activity (5), structural constituent of ribosome ( 6), and flavin-adenine-dinucleotide binding (6) for MF (Figure 5, Table S2). These DEPs may be involved in the 1% carbon dioxide concentration.…”

“…Mushrooms sense light, gravity, and carbon dioxide concentration to develop a proper pileus to enable the effective diffusion of spores. Environmental factors for fruiting body induction (light, temperature, and nutrients as three examples), development (light, gravity, and carbon dioxide concentration as three examples), and maturation or senescence (during/after sporulation and after artificial harvesting) of mushroom-forming basidiomycetes were researched in previous studies, wherein carbon dioxide affects the development of mushrooms [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Carbon dioxide is an important trace gas in the Earth’s atmosphere.…”