Label-Free cancer cell biosensor based on photonic crystal ring resonator

Efficient and high-quality absorption enhancement using epsilon-near-zero cylindrical nano-shells constructed by graphene

“…Note that the average refractive index of some normal cells in the near infrared regime are; cytoplasm (1.360–1.375), melanin (1.6–1.7), extracellular fluid (1.35–1.36), nucleus (1.38–1.41). In general, the refractive index of the cancer cells is higher than those of the normal cells due to more protein in their cytoplasm 67 . Thus, depending on the target cell, the refractive index variation range of the biosensor can be chosen and, apart from simulated values, other ranges are also considered in the literature in this regard (e.g., 1.392–1.401 in 68 and 1.41–1.58 in 69 ).…”

Breakthrough in Silicon Photonics Technology in Telecommunications, Biosensing, and Gas Sensing

“…The results indicated that the sensor achieved a best sensitivity value of S = 20,393 nm/RIU and an FOM of 9104.017 ± 606.93 RIU −1 [ 187 ]. A recent study proposed the utilization of a RR in 2D PhC biosensors [ 188 ]. The biosensor configuration, as depicted in Figure 12 b, consists of an RR accompanied by two bus WGs.…”

“…To form the resonator and WG, a row of rods was selectively removed from the structure. Specifically, the ring RR was composed of a large green dielectric rod encircled by four smaller rods, measuring 340 nm and 162 nm in radius, respectively [ 188 ]. The objective of this design was to enable the detection and differentiation of both normal and cancerous cells.…”

“…The researchers assessed the performance of the proposed structure based on various parameters. The obtained average values for S , Q , FOM, and transmission were 308.5 (nm/RIU), 3803.55, 848.06 RIU −1 , and 98.78%, respectively [ 188 ]. In another recent study [ 189 ], the authors introduced a biomedical sensor based on PhC, as illustrated in Figure 12 c. The sensor was designed to accurately identify and differentiate between normal and abnormal brain tissues, including lesions, tumors, and cancerous tissues.…”

“… ( a ) An isometric view of the proposed structure of an optical microstructure biosensor [ 187 ]. ( b ) Schematic structure of the proposed 2D PhC biosensor [ 188 ]. ( c ) Suggested configuration for the improved design, incorporating optimized parameters [ 189 ].…”