Lab-on-a-Chip, Micro- and Nanoscale Immunoassay Systems, and Microarrays

Rattle, S J; Hofmann, Oliver; Price, Christopher P.; Kricka, Larry J.; Wild, David

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097037-0.00013-0

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 252 publications

(261 reference statements)

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“…We monitored the progression of the assay as it travelled through the system to ensure incubation reached a steady state [ 74 ]. Reaching equilibrium, or a steady state, is desirable, as this gives the assay more stability even when having small differences in conditions between tests [ 75 , 76 ]. Figure 3 shows an example of a single experiment, using an analyte concentration of 2.5 µg/mL at a speed of 175 µL/min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reaching equilibrium, or a steady state, is desirable as this gives the assay more stability even when having small differences in conditions between tests [ 75 , 76 ]. At 50 µL/min, the mixing rate will be lowest, which results in a lower magnitude of the measured agglutination signal, while simultaneously taking more time to reach a steady state.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Throughput Incubation and Quantification of Agglutination Assays in a Microfluidic System

Castro

Castells-Rufas

Kodzius

et al. 2018

Genes

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In this paper, we present a two-phase microfluidic system capable of incubating and quantifying microbead-based agglutination assays. The microfluidic system is based on a simple fabrication solution, which requires only laboratory tubing filled with carrier oil, driven by negative pressure using a syringe pump. We provide a user-friendly interface, in which a pipette is used to insert single droplets of a 1.25-µL volume into a system that is continuously running and therefore works entirely on demand without the need for stopping, resetting or washing the system. These assays are incubated by highly efficient passive mixing with a sample-to-answer time of 2.5 min, a 5–10-fold improvement over traditional agglutination assays. We study system parameters such as channel length, incubation time and flow speed to select optimal assay conditions, using the streptavidin-biotin interaction as a model analyte quantified using optical image processing. We then investigate the effect of changing the concentration of both analyte and microbead concentrations, with a minimum detection limit of 100 ng/mL. The system can be both low- and high-throughput, depending on the rate at which assays are inserted. In our experiments, we were able to easily produce throughputs of 360 assays per hour by simple manual pipetting, which could be increased even further by automation and parallelization. Agglutination assays are a versatile tool, capable of detecting an ever-growing catalog of infectious diseases, proteins and metabolites. A system such as this one is a step towards being able to produce high-throughput microfluidic diagnostic solutions with widespread adoption. The development of analytical techniques in the microfluidic format, such as the one presented in this work, is an important step in being able to continuously monitor the performance and microfluidic outputs of organ-on-chip devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Incubation and Quantification of Agglutination Assays in a Microfluidic System

Castro

Castells-Rufas

Kodzius

et al. 2018

Genes

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“…Clinical microfluidic LOC for detecting and quantifying diagnostic markers of varied diseases are already commercialized: (a) cardiac injury markers such as myoglobin, creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB), 22 troponin I, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP); (b) C-reactive protein (CRP) blood test marker of body inflammation diseases; (c) markers of carcinogenic diseases such as PSA, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), liver cancer marker, α-fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA); and (d) markers of infectious diseases such as CD4 + T lymphocyte counting for monitoring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and specific markers of dengue fever, influenza A, hepatitis C, malaria, and tuberculosis [ 203 ].…”

Section: Spot Tests In Practice: Past and Present Of This Classical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spot tests: past and present

Doménech‐Carbó

2021

ChemTexts

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Graphic abstract Microchemistry, i.e., the chemistry performed at the scale of a microgram or less, has its roots in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In the first half of the twentieth century a wide range of spot tests have been developed. For didactic reasons, they are still part of the curriculum of chemistry students. However, they are even highly important for applied analyses in conservation of cultural heritage, food science, forensic science, clinical and pharmacological sciences, geochemistry, and environmental sciences. Modern pregnancy tests, virus tests, etc. are the most recent examples of sophisticated spot tests. The present ChemTexts contribution aims to provide an overview of the past and present of this analytical methodology.

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“…The same phenomenon can be observed on the top surface of the droplet, as right above the heating source, the temperature is higher than surrounding areas, so the flow is driven from were above the heating source towards the triple-phase contact point on the two sides. Due to the existence of capillary flow the direction of which is from the liquid phase to the solid phase [39], the flow pattern near the triple-phase contact point is always from the bottom upwards, thus resulting in the flow caused by the Marangoni effect kept away from the droplet edge. By comparing the size of the upper vortexes and the lower ones, it can be found that for droplets with smaller contact angles, the flow caused by upper surface tension gradient is more substantial.…”

Section: Simulation Of the Droplet Evaporation Under Local Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the droplet evaporation process on local heated substrates with different wettability

et al. 2020

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Marangoni effect is one of the critical factors in the droplet evaporation process, which is caused by surface tension gradient in the droplet interface. In this study, local heating is adopted to provide a more complicated temperature distribution on the droplet surface, and a detailed numerical investigation is carried out to address the effect of Marangoni flow on the droplet evaporation behaviour. Results show that asymmetric heat source position could result in the droplet morphology being asymmetric, especially for droplets on super-hydrophilic surfaces. The evaporation rate could be affected both by the heat source position and the droplet contact angle. When placed on a smooth substrate, the droplet will slip horizontally as a result of the asymmetric heating condition. The slipping behaviour is affected by both the heat source position and the surface wettability.

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Lab-on-a-Chip, Micro- and Nanoscale Immunoassay Systems, and Microarrays

Cited by 9 publications

References 252 publications

High-Throughput Incubation and Quantification of Agglutination Assays in a Microfluidic System

High-Throughput Incubation and Quantification of Agglutination Assays in a Microfluidic System

Spot tests: past and present

Investigation on the droplet evaporation process on local heated substrates with different wettability

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