La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 perovskite synthesized by reactive milling method: The effect of particle size on the magnetic and electrical properties

Size effects and interactions in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 nanoparticles

“…8). This result is consistent with that reported by other authors [14,20,26]. This linear dependence of magnetization on the surface/volume ratio (D −1 ) confirms the suggestion that the magnetization is actually influenced by the surface of the particle.…”

“…The mean crystallite size of S1, S2, S3, and S4 samples calculated from XRD data is ∼16, 35, 43 and 73 nm, respectively (see Ref. [20] for more details). In this report, the particle size will hereafter be referred to as the crystallite size.…”

“…Furthermore, the temperature dependence of magnetization was found to follow a T ε behavior with ε = 1.7, which slightly deviates from the Bloch law. We have also reported the effect of particle size in the range of 16-73 nm on the magnetic, electrical properties and low-field magnetoresistance of LCMO nanoparticle samples [19,20]. In this study, we present a systematic investigation of magnetic characteristics associated with the finite-size effects and the interparticle interactions for the above-mentioned LCMO samples.…”

Low-field magnetoresistance of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 perovskite synthesized by reactive milling method

“…A similar feature can also be seen in a measurement of the size dependence of high-field M-T curves (H = 5 kOe) for the same samples [16]. Up to now, a model of the particles in which the inner part could have the same magnetic property as the bulk compound, but the outer layer would contain a magnetically disordered state is conceded widely to explain the size dependence of magnetization [3,7,16]. On the other hand, the magnetization is reduced because the influence of the outer layer increases as the particle size decreases.…”

“…The room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and the SEM micrographs of the LCMO samples are reported elsewhere [16]. We have already shown that the samples are orthorhombic and of single phase without any detectable secondary phase.…”