Abstract:The increase of« negative » vote is gernerally explained by the success of blackmail parties (populist or marginal) the last twenties years. This vote seems effectively represent a new electoral age of political modernity. Moreover, the party system on the whole is touched by the protest phenomenon whatever the electoral environment. The political parties at large electorally benefit to « negative » attitude development. Therefore, this vote appears to be as a moment of anti- party sentiment not as a democraci… Show more
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