La ganadería familiar, elemento cotidiano de los traspatios de la comunidad Juan Nepomuceno Álvarez, Copala, Guerrero, México

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the cultural and economic importance of familial animal husbandry as a rural production system in the families of the community of Juan Nepomuceno Álvarez. Fifty-three questionnaires were applied in family units. The system of production is traditional, with family labor involved, for personal consumption of meat and eggs (91%) and for commerce (9%). Familial animal husbandry is integrated by poultry (70%), pigs (15%), goats (10%) and a small percentage of cattle (5%). The registered uses were: food (80%), presents and gifts (15%), medicinal (5%) and a 100% recuperate the feces for its use as fertilizer. The management scheme preferred is the traditional pen (89%). Feeding includes broken corn, tortillas soaked in water, vegetable scrapes and termites. Frequent illnesses are smallpox and diarrheas, which are treated with home remedies. The traditional knowledge for its management are transmitted by women.

The backyard of Tlaxcala. An approach to its composition

“…It is observed that the highest percentage of what is sold (of the little that is sold) is related to cows, female pigs and sheep, showing the importance of these species in the backyard of Tlaxcala. Regarding the animal species produced in the backyard, the results found coincide with those of García and Guzmán (2014), who found two types of livestock production units (producers), those of selfconsumption (91%) whose production is for family sustenance and who also see backyard animals as a savings bank, and commercial units (9%) that sell the production obtained.…”

¿Las mujeres son más campesinas? Un estudio sobre persistencia campesina, trabajo y género

“…Como sucede en otras regiones con pastoras (Dillon et al, 2003;Lebbie, 2004;Sinn, Ketzis y Chen, 1999;Vázquez García, 2015;Vidal, 2011), la fuerte ligazón de las mujeres con la producción caprina se asocia, justamente, a que son ellas en gran medida las responsables de asegurar la alimentación de las familias (Espinosa Cortez y Diez Urdanivia, 2006). Por esta misma razón dedican gran energía al cuidado de los huertos y crían otros animales (aves de corral, cerdos y conejos), cuyo mérito es producirse a bajo costo, alrededor del puesto y proporcionar múltiples beneficios (García Flores y Guzmán Gómez, 2014).…”

“…Es importante agregar que en el espacio peridoméstico existen huertos y se crían además animales de granja como cerdos, pollos, pavos, gallinas y conejos, los que otorgan otra fuente de sustento alimentario. En definitiva, la reproducción de los grupos domésticos encuentra en estas actividades, ancladas en conocimientos heredados, cierta seguridad que no brinda el mercado al momento de vender productos y la fuerza de trabajo (García Flores y Guzmán Gómez, 2014;Pessolano, 2018).…”