In recent years, all of us have felt vulnerable to the current circumstances in the world and have experienced great uncertainty about the future. Today there are many challenges that we have never faced before. Education plays a crucial role in addressing these enormous issues, i.e., it is a tool for people who, united, can change the world. UNESCO has published several world reports to rethink the role of education at key moments of social transformations: the 1996 report Learning: The Treasure Within and Reimagining Our Futures Together: A New Social Contract for Education in 2021 are the most recent. These reports contain suggestions, strategies, future prospects, invitations and initiatives to be implemented with the intention of ensuring good education for all people. In this research we analyze the presence and application of the pillars of education mentioned in the report Learning: The Treasure Within in different educational contexts, in Mexico and Spain. In turn, we analyze the ideas proposed in the new UNESCO report and bring them into dialogue with teacher trainers and children in Segovia (Spain). This was done using three techniques: Delphi method, discussion groups and content analysis of the proposals of children from Segovia. The results show that the pillars of learning to be and learning to live together are the most neglected in current educational systems and, at the same time, the most necessary. In the proposals collected from the discussion groups and suggestions from the children, the need to see education as a public good and as a common project, the acceptance of diversity, the elimination of economistic terms in education and the incorporation of values and attitudes necessary for human development in schools appear. Proposals for change and suggestions for teacher training schools are also generated.