La cebolla mexicana: un análisis de competitividad en el mercado estadounidense, 2002-2013

Abstract

La cebolla (Allium cepa) es la segunda hortaliza de mayor producción en el mundo. Estados Unidos es el primer importador mundial y México, Canadá y Perú son sus proveedores principales. En este artículo se evalúa la competitividad de la cebolla producida en México, respecto a la de Canadá y Perú, mediante los indicadores siguientes: la tasa de penetración de importaciones, el índice de similitud de exportaciones, las cuotas de exportación e importación, la ventaja relativa de las exportaciones y la ventaja comparativa revelada. Los resultados muestran que México tiene una ventaja relativa de exportación en el mercado estadounidense; sin embargo, ésta disminuyó y las exportaciones peruanas se incrementaron, debido al aumento de su producción de cebolla amarilla, y a que la competitividad de Canadá es menor. La información contenida en este artículo es útil para diseñar políticas públicas en el sector agrícola, aunque en estudios posteriores se sugiere utilizar variables cualitativas para tener una visión integral.Mexican onion: a competitiveness analysis in the American market, 2002-2013The onion (Allium cepa) is the second most produced vegetable worldwide. The United States is the world’s largest importer of onions, and Mexico, Canada and Peru are its major suppliers. This article evaluates the competitiveness of onions produced in Mexico compared to those of Canada and Peru by using the following indicators: the import penetration rate, the export similarity index, the export and import quotas, the export comparative advantage and the revealed comparative advantage. The results show that Mexico has an export comparative advantage in the American market; however, this advantage decreased and Peruvian exports increased due to an increase in its yellow onion production and because Canada’s competitiveness is lower. The information included in this article is useful for designing public policies in the agricultural sector, although in subsequent studies it is suggested to use qualitative variables in order to have a comprehensive vision.

Pattern Classification of an Onion Crop (Allium Cepa) Field Using Convolutional Neural Network Models

“…According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the main onion-producing countries are China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mali, Angola, New Zealand, Nigeria, Tunisia, Turkey, and Iraq [2]. In addition, it is the second most produced vegetable worldwide, and Mexico is proud to contribute to this by supplying an important portion that has been constantly increasing since 2020 [3,4]. Mexico contributes 1 in every 50 tons of onion consumed worldwide and registers a production volume of around 1.5 million tons.…”

Yield potential of onion genotypes in the Planicie Huasteca, Mexico

“…In addition, the production of this crop has economic value (Omoloso and Vagi, 2001;de la Fé and Cárdenas, 2014), since it is the second most widely cultivated vegetable worldwide, only surpassed by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) (Financiera Nacional de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Rural, Forestal y Pesquero, 2014). The United States is the first global importer and Mexico is its main supplier (Gómez, 2010;Valencia and Zetina, 2017). In the Planicie Huasteca of northeastern Mexico (northern Veracruz, eastern San Luis Potosí, and southern Tamaulipas), onion is the most extended vegetable; during the autumn-winter cycle, its growing area fluctuates between 4,000 and 9,000 hectares (SIAP, 2022).…”