L’agriculture périurbaine à Oran (Algérie) : diversification et stratégies d’adaptation

Abstract

Résumé -Oran, ville méditerranéenne dynamique et seconde agglomération algérienne, a évolué selon un processus d'urbanisation diffuse. Ses franges rurales périurbaines, aux contours flous, lieux d'importantes transformations, sont actuellement des espaces de production agricole. Une redéfinition de l'agriculture périurbaine s'opère par des initiatives individuelles qui se traduisent par une diversification agricole : développement de cultures à forte plus-value, maraîchères, arboricoles et ornementales. Les entretiens directifs menés auprès des agriculteurs périurbains ont permis d'expliquer les facteurs qui sont à l'origine de ces transformations. Le profit tiré des cultures pratiquées est en lien avec l'accroissement de la demande citadine, l'intensification agricole étant une réponse à la précarisation foncière engendrée par l'urbanisation et par le morcellement excessif des propriétés.Mots clés : agriculture périurbaine / reconfiguration foncière / stratégies d'adaptation / diversification / Algérie Abstract -Peri-urban agriculture in Oran (Algeria): diversification and adaptation strategies. Dynamic Mediterranean and second Algerian city, Oran has faced a diffuse urbanization process. Its rural fringe, just at the outskirts of the city, is today an area where important changes take place in the agriculture production system. A redefinition of peri-urban agriculture is carried out by individual initiatives that result in agricultural diversification: developing high added-value crops, vegetables, and ornamental trees. The structured interviews carried out with the peri-urban farmers allowed identifying the factors that are causing these changes. The profit issued from the crops is in line with the increase in the urban demand; agricultural intensification is a response to the land insecurity created by urbanization and the excessive fragmentation of properties.

Characterization of the diversity of peri-urban farms in the metropolis of Casablanca in Morocco to facilitate their agroecological transition to more sustainable food systems

“…The peri-urban areas closer to the city are characterized by small intensive farms [23]. Similar findings were found by Maachou and Otmane [24] in the peri-urban agricultural landscape of Oran in Algeria, where a diverse range of seasonal, off-season and perennial crops is present. This diversification has increased through the use of modern irrigation systems.…”

Land artificialization, economic growth, and road insecurity: Theoretical improvements and empirical validation for the case of Algeria

“…However, we also used several data sources for the Oran agglomeration based on previous results of remote-sensing studies applied to a series of satellite images (Bendjelid, 2004;Bousmaha and Boulkaibet, 2019). Oran is the second-largest city in Algeria, and it has seen a sustained rate of urbanization in recent decades (Figure 1) due to the massive need to build housing and other buildings on the outskirts of the city (Messahel, 2010;Maachou and Otmane, 2016;Missoumi et al, 2019;National Cadastre Agency [NCA], 2020).…”

Structuring and Development of Poultry Sectors in Algeria: Limits of Modernization Policies: The Case of the “Turkey” Sector (2000-2020)

“…Due to land limits, pressure from environmental and health regulations and strategies used by small-cap holders near large metropolitan markets that have been growing since 2000, the informal sector has a significant weight in these areas. According to Imache et al (2011); Semmoud and Ladhem (2015); Maachou and Otmane (2016) and others, peri-urban agriculture is characterized by the innovative adaptation strategies of small farms, such as the development of greenhouses and poultry farms, as well as the "promotion" of informal institutional arrangements.…”