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Cosmetics and personal care products are substances that human beings have used for ages to beautify the appearance, clean, care and remove unpleasant odors from the body. In the first periods of the use of cosmetic products, its content consisted of plant extracts and vegetable oils. Years later, the use of chemical substances in the content has started to be preferred frequently in order to increase the absorption of cosmetic products from the skin and to extend the permanence period. Environmental agents are called teratogens that cause congenital anatomical anomalies in the embryo. The entry of harmful chemicals in cosmetic products into the human body occurs through skin absorption, mouth or inhalation. One of the most risky periods for the use of cosmetic products that contain a lot of toxic substances is the pregnancy period. Environmental chemicals in these products cause congenital anatomical anomalies and abortion in the fetus. Experimental studies on the teratogenic effect of cosmetic products on the fetus during pregnancy are very limited. For this reason, it was stated that the use of these products should be limited until it is determined that they are completely harmless. In this review, the effect of environmental chemicals in the content of personal care and cosmetic products, which are considered teratogens during pregnancy, on fetal health has been tried to be evaluated.
Cosmetics and personal care products are substances that human beings have used for ages to beautify the appearance, clean, care and remove unpleasant odors from the body. In the first periods of the use of cosmetic products, its content consisted of plant extracts and vegetable oils. Years later, the use of chemical substances in the content has started to be preferred frequently in order to increase the absorption of cosmetic products from the skin and to extend the permanence period. Environmental agents are called teratogens that cause congenital anatomical anomalies in the embryo. The entry of harmful chemicals in cosmetic products into the human body occurs through skin absorption, mouth or inhalation. One of the most risky periods for the use of cosmetic products that contain a lot of toxic substances is the pregnancy period. Environmental chemicals in these products cause congenital anatomical anomalies and abortion in the fetus. Experimental studies on the teratogenic effect of cosmetic products on the fetus during pregnancy are very limited. For this reason, it was stated that the use of these products should be limited until it is determined that they are completely harmless. In this review, the effect of environmental chemicals in the content of personal care and cosmetic products, which are considered teratogens during pregnancy, on fetal health has been tried to be evaluated.
Amaç: Bu araştırma 0-2 yaş doğumsal anatomik anomalisi olan bebeklerin annelerinin aynı yaş grubunda sağlam bebeği olan anneler ile konjenital anatomik anomali oluşuma etken olan risk faktörleri açısından karşılaştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır.Yöntem: Retrospektif, ilişki arayıcı ve tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırma, 0-2 yaş arasında çocuğu olan, araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden, çalışmanın yapıldığı tarihler arasında kurumda çocuğu yatarak tedavi olan 200 anne ile anket yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan annelerin tamamının yaş ortalamasının 30,25+5,99 (Min:19/ Maks: 42) yıl, çocuklarda en sık görülen konjenital anatomik anomalilerin ise genitoüriner sisteme ait olduğu (%46,0) belirlenmiştir. Çocukları konjenital anatomik anomali sahibi olan annelerin; şehirde yaşadığı, kronik hastalığa sahip olduğu, spinal anestezi ile bebeklerini dünyaya getirdikleri görülmüştür, çocukların iseçoğunluğu erkek olup erken doğum öyküsü bulunmaktadır (p<0.05). Annelerin gebelik sürecinde sigara tüketimi, pasif içiciliğe maruziyeti ve akraba evliliği yapma durumu çocuklarda konjenital anatomik anomali oluşumu açısından anlamlı farklılık ifade etmemektedir (p>0.05). Sonuç: Konjenital anatomik anomalilerin önlenmesi ile maternal ve fetal sağlığın korunması amacıyla koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin yaygınlaştırılması, annelerin gebelikte teratojenik etki oluşturabilecek risk faktörleri açısından bilinçlendirilmesi amacıyla eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.
Throughout history, people have used cosmetic products to flourish, to be well-groomed, to remove bad odors and to change part of their appearance. Initially people used aromatic plants, oils, various plant extracts and dyes. With the development of technology, they have started to use products that have been removed from naturalness and whose durability and usage time have been increased with chemicals. The increase in the variety of cosmetic products has increased the exposure of people to chemical products. People usually take chemicals from cosmetics into their bodies through the skin however, they sometimes take by mouth and inhalation. For the harmful effects of a chemical substance, it is important to know what period of life it is used, how long it is used and how much it is used, its interaction with other substances and the duration of its stay in the body. The most risky period in the use of cosmetic products is pregnancy, newborn and adolescent periods. During these periods, the use of cosmetic products is continuous and if the chemicals in it rise above a certain threshold value, it may adversely affect the health of the individual during pregnancy, fetus, newborn and adolescence. Chemicals in cosmetic products can cause abortion, stillbirth, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital defects, preterm labor, some cancers, infertility in women and men, delayed puberty, endocrine system disorders and some systemic diseases. Until the effect of cosmetic products on pregnant, fetus and newborn health is proved to be harmless, any cosmetic product should be approached with suspicion and should not be used unless necessary. Further studies should be conducted to establish evidence levels. Health professionals should raise public awareness of the use of cosmetic products during pregnancy. In this review, it is aimed to draw attention to the effects of some chemicals in cosmetic products on pregnant, fetus and newborn health.
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