Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) ameliorates type 1 diabetes and restores immune cell compartments

Hong, Young Joo; Kim, Nayoung; Lee, Karim; Sonn, Chung Hee; Lee, Jung Eun; Kim, Sung Tae; Baeg, In Ho; Lee, Kyung Mi

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.009

Cited by 73 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…RG has also been reported to enhance the insulin secretionestimulating and anti-apoptotic activities in pancreatic b-cells [10,12]. In previous investigations, RG demonstrated notable hypoglycemic activity in experimental in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice [17,18]. When the plasma glucose level rises, insulin secretion is promoted by the closure of K þ eATP and activation of voltage-dependent Ca 2þ channels; these effects produce membrane depolarization that triggers Ca 2þ entry and insulin release [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Red Ginseng Administration Before Islet Isolation Attenuates Apoptosis and Improves Islet Function and Transplant Outcome in a Syngeneic Mouse Marginal Islet Mass Model

Kim

Jang

Kim

et al. 2016

Transplantation Proceedings

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Red Ginseng Administration Before Islet Isolation Attenuates Apoptosis and Improves Islet Function and Transplant Outcome in a Syngeneic Mouse Marginal Islet Mass Model

Kim

Jang

Kim

et al. 2016

Transplantation Proceedings

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“…Ginseng saponin is a major component of ginseng extract, and a glycoside of ginseng saponin known specifically as ginsenoid is regarded as an active component responsible for various beneficial effects of ginseng. [25][26][27][28] Red ginseng is produced by steaming and drying fresh ginseng, which results in chemical changes of ginsenoids are reported (Cyto c-c), cleaved caspase-3 and -9, and Bcl-2 are blocked by antioxidants, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 5 mM), NOX inhibitor (NOXi, 1 mM), and MitoQ (1 mM) at 6 and 24 h. Representative western blots (a) and quantitation graph at 6 and 24 h (b, c) are shown. b-Actin is used as control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renoprotective effect of red ginseng in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury

Shin

Kim

et al. 2014

Laboratory Investigation

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Aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity is one of the prevalent causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Oxidative stressmediated apoptosis of renal tubular cells is known to be a major mechanism of renal injury. Red ginseng extract (RGE) has been reported to possess antioxidant and immune-modulatory activities. We investigated the effect of RGE on gentamicin (GM)-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in cultured renal tubular cells and animal model of GM-induced AKI. GM induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with an increase in NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity and mitochondrial oxidation in NRK-52E cells that were ameliorated with RGE. GM-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells, which was associated with an increased expression of mitochondrial Bax, cytosolic cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-9 and -3, along with a decrease in bcl-2 expression, was also blocked by RGE. In an animal model of GM-induced AKI, RGE treatment significantly attenuated renal dysfunction, cell apoptosis, and tubular damage. RGE ameliorated ROS production in rats with GM-induced AKI, as demonstrated by an increase in the reduced form of glutathione in renal cortex and a decrease in urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2 0 -deoxyguanosine. Our results suggest that RGE protects the kidney from GM-induced AKI via the mechanism of modulation of oxidative stress.

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“…1,2 Recent studies have reported various effects of red ginseng, including antioxidant, antitumor, antimutagenic, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory activities. 3,4 Accumulating evidence suggests that the major pharmacologically active ingredients are ginsenosides, which have a four-ring, steroid-like structure with attached sugar moieties.…”

Section: Introduction Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Ginseng Extract Promotes the Hair Growth in Cultured Human Hair Follicles

Park

Cho

et al. 2015

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Ginseng has been shown to promote hair growth in several recent studies. However, its effects on human hair follicles and its mechanisms of action have not been sufficiently elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the hair growthpromoting effects of red ginseng extract (RGE) and its ginsenosides. The proliferative activities of cultured human hair follicles treated with RGE and ginsenoside-Rb1 were assessed using Ki-67 immunostaining. Their effects on isolated human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) were evaluated using cytotoxicity assays, immunoblot analysis of signaling proteins, and the determination of associated growth factors. We examined the ability of RGE and ginsenosides to protect hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation against dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced suppression and their effects on the expression of androgen receptor. The in vivo hair growth-promoting effect of RGE was also investigated in C57BL/6 mice. Both RGE and ginsenoside-Rb1 enhanced the proliferation of hair matrix keratinocytes. hDPCs treated with RGE or ginsenoside-Rb1 exhibited substantial cell proliferation and the associated phosphorylation of ERK and AKT. Moreover, RGE, ginsenoside-Rb1, and ginsenoside-Rg3 abrogated the DHT-induced suppression of hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and the DHT-induced upregulation of the mRNA expression of androgen receptor in hDPCs. Murine experiments revealed that the subcutaneous injection of 3% RGE resulted in more rapid hair growth than the negative control. In conclusion, RGE and its ginsenosides may enhance hDPC proliferation, activate ERK and AKT signaling pathways in hDPCs, upregulate hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation, and inhibit the DHT-induced androgen receptor transcription. These results suggest that red ginseng may promote hair growth in humans.

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Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) ameliorates type 1 diabetes and restores immune cell compartments

Cited by 73 publications

References 43 publications

Red Ginseng Administration Before Islet Isolation Attenuates Apoptosis and Improves Islet Function and Transplant Outcome in a Syngeneic Mouse Marginal Islet Mass Model

Red Ginseng Administration Before Islet Isolation Attenuates Apoptosis and Improves Islet Function and Transplant Outcome in a Syngeneic Mouse Marginal Islet Mass Model

Renoprotective effect of red ginseng in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury

Red Ginseng Extract Promotes the Hair Growth in Cultured Human Hair Follicles

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