KONTESTASI BAHASA PADA TANDA LUAR RUANG DI DAERAH PARIWISATA (Language Contestation on the Public Signs in A Touristic Area)

Abstract

Language contestation on outdoor signs always occurs in certain territories because different languages cannot be socially equal. Candidasa, a tourist area located in the eastern part of Bali, also experiences language contestation in its outdoor signs. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted to describe and analyze the dominant and marginal language at the place. Then the language contestation was also analyzed using Bakhtin's theory of centripetal and centrifugal forces. The subjects of this study were all outdoor signs placed along the main road of Candidasa. The research instruments were the researcher as the key instrument and observation sheets. A digital camera was also used to support the data collection. The data collection process with a digital camera resulted in 622 photos. Data analysis was performed by classifying the data into top-down and bottom-up monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual types. Indonesian is dominant in the monolingual top-down classi ication, while English is dominant in the monolingual bottom-up. In the top-down and bottom-up bilingual signs, the combination of Indonesian and English occupies a dominant position. Then, in the top-down and bottom-up multilingual outdoor signs, the combination of English and Indonesian languages also dominates. Balinese as the local language occupies a marginal position to the presence of Indonesian and English. The contestation from centripetal and centrifugal forces shows four contestation patterns: pure centripetal pattern, combined pattern, pure centrifugal pattern, and centripetal centrifugal forces assimilation pattern. Both language forces are supported by national and regional language policy and the commercial interests of the sign makers.

Language Contestation on The Virtual Linguistic Landscape of The Government Website of Bali, Indonesia

“…This phenomenon indexes the centripetal and centrifugal force interface termed blurring by Foster & Welsh (2021). it is also found in investigating the physical public space in a tourist place in eastern Bali named Candidasa (Paramarta, 2022b).…”