Konservasi In Vitro Tanaman Jeruk Besar (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Kultivar Srinyonya Menggunakan Osmotikum dan Retardan

Abstract

<p>In Vitro Conservation of Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.)<br />Merr.) cv Srinyonya Using Osmoticum and Retardant.<br />Iswari S. Dewi, Gani Jawak, Ika Roostika, M. Sabda,<br />Bambang S. Purwoko, and Widiati H. Adil. Pomelo is an<br />underutilized citrus fruit with a potential for commercialization.<br />Only some cultivars have been conserved ex situ, such<br />as in home yards or in botanical gardens. Such collections<br />are vulnerable to biotic and abiotic hazards. The goal of the<br />experiment was to study the effect of osmoticum (sorbitol)<br />and retardant (ancymidol) on in vitro growth of pomelo.<br />Four-leaf in vitro shoots of pomelo cultivar Srinyonya were<br />used as plant materials. Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium was<br />used as the basal medium for the culture. The trial was<br />arranged in a completely randomized design with three<br />replications. The treatments consisting of MS + sorbitol (0,<br />20, 40, and 60 g/l) and MS + ancymidol (0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/l).<br />The results indicated that based on plant height, number of<br />new leaves, and visual plant architecture, sorbitol treatments<br />from 20-60 g/l retard the growth of the pomelo plant significantly.<br />On the other hand, ancymidol did not inhibit the<br />pomelo growth significantly, but it was a suitable osmoticum<br />for improvement of in vitro plant vigor, increasing green<br />color of leaf, and increasing root initiation. Leaf senescence<br />of in vitro plants cultured on media containing sorbitol 40<br />and 60 g/l began 20 week after storage. The best medium for<br />conservation of pomelo cv Srinyonya was MS + 20 g<br />sorbitol/l.</p>

Respon Pertumbuhan Kultur In Vitro Jeruk Besar (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) cv. Nambangan terhadap Osmotikum dan Retardan

“…Teknik minimal growth sesuai untuk konservasi tanaman berbiji rekalsitran yang bijinya hanya viabel dalam waktu singkat dan tidak dapat didesikasi atau untuk tanaman yang selalu diperbanyak secara vegetatif (Rao dan Mal, 2002), seperti pamelo (Dewi et al, 2010). Zat yang bersifat pengendali osmotik (osmotikum) dan penghambat pertumbuhan (retardan) dapat digunakan untuk meminimalkan pertumbuhan tanaman in vitro.…”

The Role of in Vitro Culture Producing Secondary Metabolites and Plant Conservation Techniques to Overcome the Environmental Crisis

“…Plant conservation with in vitro culture is useful for saving plants from extinction, plant breeding, plant storage in a smaller form / in the form of embryos in the short and long term (Dewi, 2014). Research on P. conoideus Lam fruit using buds explants in the form of tillers can be a way of ex-situ and in-situ conservation (Sumarnie, 2008).…”

“…Conservation techniques -storage of tubers such as Colocasia esculenta, Xanthosomas agittifolium and Dioscorea spp. with the in vitrocryopreservation culture method, it managed to save which facilitates distribution, especially for the purposes of exchange between countries (Dewi, 2014).…”

Pembentukan Benih Sintetik Tanaman Nenas

“…Jika paklobutrazol menghambat pertumbuhan melalui pemblokiran biosintesis giberelin (Arteca 1996), manitol merupakan gula alkohol yang berdifusi di bagian ekstraseluler namun tidak dapat memasuki sel (Taiz & Zeiger 2003), sehingga berfungsi sebagai regulator osmotik. Penggunaan regulator osmotik terbukti dapat menyimpan biakan ubi jalar selama 10 bulan (Roostika et al 2001), biakan kentang hitam selama 3 bulan (Roostika et al 2005), biakan purwoceng selama 7 bulan (Roostika et al 2008), dan biakan jeruk besar selama 5 bulan (Dewi et al 2010).…”