Konsep Kafa’ah Dalam Hadis-Hadis Hukum

Abstract

This paper examines the kafaah contained in family law traditions (hadiths). There are many traditions of the Prophet that talk about Kafa'ah, but here the author only focuses on two hadiths on the grounds that one of the hadiths that the author puts forward more or less may already represent other traditions. From the hadiths, it is stated that kafa'ah at the time of the Prophet SAW was more focused on the religious side. Islam does not recognize the difference between humans and other humans, as long as they are Muslim and pious. This provision has become a benchmark for kafa'ah in marriage on the grounds that every Muslim is a brother. To build and create a sakinah, mawaddah and warahmah household, Islam recommends the existence of kafa'ah or a balance between the prospective husband and wife. But this is not something that is absolute, but something that needs to be considered for the creation of the goal of a happy and eternal marriage, because in principle Islam views the position of humans as equal to other humans.

Implikasi Kafaah terhadap Maraknya Pernikahan Dini

“…(Yusuf, 2020) Di dalam kitab I'anah al-Talibin, juz 3 diterangkan bahwa kafa'ah secara bahasa (lughawi) adalah suatu perkara yang tidak ditemukan atau tidak terdapat dalam perkawinan sehingga mengakibatkan kecacatan dan adapun batasannya adalah kesepadanan antara calon suami dan dan calon istri dari segi kesempurnaan atau kekurangan. (Nurcahaya, 2021) Para ulama' Imam madzhab berbeda perspektif dalam pengertian dan unsur-unsur kafa'ah di dalam pernikahan. (Miftahuzzaman & Arif, Suyud, 2023) Ulama' Hanafiyah mendefinisikan kafa'ah adalah keserasian laki-laki dan perempuan dalam hal keturunan, pekerjaan, agama islam, kemerdekaan, kekayaan, dan ketaqwaan.…”