Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil

Sousa, Laelson Rochelle Milanês; Elias, Henrique Ciabotti; Fernandes, Nilo Martinez; Gir, Elucir; Reis, Renata Karina

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10135-3

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…A recent study with patients on ART therapy in Brazil showed an increase in the proportion of cases with viral load suppression 36 . PrEP has also been implemented since December 2017 in Brazil 37 , 38 and may also be reflected in these results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

HIV incidence estimates by sex and age group in the population aged 15 years or over, Brazil, 1986-2018

Szwarcwald

Júnior

Pascom

et al. 2022

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: HIV incidence estimates are essential to monitor the progress of prevention and control interventions. Methods: Data collected by Brazilian surveillance systems were used to derive HIV incidence estimates by age group (15-24; 25+) and sex from 1986 to 2018. This study used a back-calculation method based on the first CD4 count among treatment-naïve cases. Incidence estimates for the population aged 15 years or over were compared to Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) estimates from 2000 to 2018. Results:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

HIV incidence estimates by sex and age group in the population aged 15 years or over, Brazil, 1986-2018

Szwarcwald

Júnior

Pascom

et al. 2022

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Four studies reported much lower levels of awareness (<40%) among MSM in China ( 33 ); MSM tested in community centers in Portugal ( 38 ) MSM receiving rapid HIV testing in Spain ( 39 ), and among black MSM in the United States ( 13 ). Nine studies reported modest PEP awareness: 41.23% among men engaging in condomless anal sex with men in the United States ( 8 ), 42.5% among MSM in Beijing, China ( 16 ), 46.67% among gay and bisexual men in California ( 40 ), 50% among MSM in Brazil ( 41 ), 56.70% among sexually active MSM in Vancouver, Canada ( 31 ), 57.06% among MSM in Vancouver, Canada ( 42 ), 60.22% among Thai MSM ( 30 ), 60.6% among MSM in four cities of China ( 43 ), and 65.77% among HIV-positive MSM in England ( 44 ). There was significant heterogeneity between studies (Q statistic = 1990.122, I 2 = 99.045; p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies show that MSM report higher awareness of PEP than other at-risk groups for HIV ( 12 ). A study in Brazil found that MSM participants were more likely to have knowledge about PEP than heterosexual male participants ( 41 ). Awareness of PEP may be associated with the age, higher education, and income of these MSM in the high-risk population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors, which could potentially impede or facilitate participant's awareness of PEP, were conceptually divided into different categories within the individual, social (including partners, families, and communities), and structural domains (health systems and legal factors). In the individual domain, low educational attainment, unemployment, having casual partners, and closeted bisexual were negative factors; high-level education, white race/ethnicity, gay sexual identity, knowing the HIV status of one's self, higher personal sexual altruism, metropolitan resident, higher annual Higher number of partners (11) Higher number of partners (39,42) Having casual partners (35) Higher personal sexual altruism (42) Metropolitan resident (8,42) Greater perceived agency to ask sexual partners' HIV status (42) Older age (31,35,37,40) Higher annual income (16,40,43) Having unprotected anal sex (40) Having sex under the influence of a drug (37,40,41) Younger age (16,32) Using Internet as the main way of meeting partners (39) Social factors Interaction with gay culture (39) Internet and community of MSM (33) Lower levels of HIV stigma (16,32) HIV leadership programming (31) Structural factors Disclosure of one's sexual orientation to general practitioner (11) Greater access to condoms (42) Previous HIV testing (11,15,32,38,43) Previous sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis (38,42) Contact with HIV/AIDS organization…”

Section: Factors Associated With Pep Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Awareness and Use of Post-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jin

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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Background: The use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is effective in reducing HIV risk, but it is underused by men who have sex with men (MSM) due to certain psychological and sociostructural factors. This article assessed the awareness and use of PEP among MSM in an effort to increase the visibility and uptake of PEP among at-risk populations.Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar electronic databases. Studies were screened for inclusion, and relevant data were abstracted, assessed for bias, and synthesized. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random effects meta-analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analysis, and a qualitative review and risk of bias assessment were performed (PROSPERO, CRD42019123815).Results: Twenty eligible studies involving 12,579 MSM were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of the proportions of MSM who were aware of PEP was modest at 59.9% (95% CI: 50.5~68.7) and that of MSM who previously used PEP was very low at 4.9% (95% CI: 2.4~9.8). PEP awareness showed no clear change over time, while PEP use significantly changed over time. Multiple factors affected awareness, including educational attainment, race/ethnicity, levels of HIV stigma, access to condoms, and so on. Many factors could potentially impede or facilitate the use of PEP, such as income, lack of PEP information, and partnership.Conclusion: We observed that PEP is an underused HIV prevention strategy among MSM and that once MSM become aware of PEP, the majority are willing to use it if they are supported appropriately in terms of a range of individual, social, and structural barriers.Systematic Review Registration: http://www.cdr.york.ac.uk/prospero, PROSPERO [CRD42019123815].

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“…PrEP is very effective in preventing HIV when taken continuously as recommended by a specialist. The use of PrEP reduces the risk of infection through sexual contact by 99% and through injection drug use by 74% [7,8]. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is the use of antiretroviral drugs after a single high-risk event to stop HIV seroconversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mathematical Model for HIV/AIDS Under Pre-Exposure and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

Moya

Rodrigues

Pietrus

et al. 2022

BIOMATH

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HIV/AIDS has a strong impact on society, the economy, and health. Early diagnosis of cases, adherence to treatment, and prevention are important factors in controlling the epidemic in the population. In this paper, we present a new mathematical model for the study of HIV/AIDS transmission. Our model is stratified in men and women, to account for the main forms of sexual transmission homosexual and heterosexual relationships, and infectiousness in the HIV and AIDS stages. In addition, in the construction of the model, we take into account the influence of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) to study the impact of these implementations, diagnosis, and effectiveness of treatment based on viral load undetectability. We study the basic reproduction number by subpopulation (men and women) and general. Working by subpopulations allows us to study men who have sex with men who have a strong impact on virus transmission. Also, we study the infection-free equilibrium points due to their relationship with the basic reproduction number and demonstrate the global stability by subpopulation and general. To explore our model, we performed computational simulations on a scenario designed with data from the literature and assumed, studying the influence of the parameters associated with the use of PrEP, PEP, and undetectability on the basic reproduction number by varying them individually and jointly. We concluded that in women the basic reproduction number is always lower than unity and that in men the parameter associated with the undetectability of the viral load in HIV men has a strong influence on the dynamics. We also address the impact of PrEP, PEP, and undetectability in HIV and AIDS on the compartments, considering different scenarios varying the parameters jointly and independently and by sex which show difficulty in reducing women with AIDS. The scenario that showed the best results in the reduction of the number of HIV and AIDS cases was when the parameters associated with undetectability in HIV and AIDS men and women take the 90-90-90 that is proposed in the World Health Organization (WHO) strategy.

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Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

HIV incidence estimates by sex and age group in the population aged 15 years or over, Brazil, 1986-2018

HIV incidence estimates by sex and age group in the population aged 15 years or over, Brazil, 1986-2018

Awareness and Use of Post-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A Mathematical Model for HIV/AIDS Under Pre-Exposure and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

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