Knowledge of and adherence to health advice among adults with diabetes in Libya

Abstract

Knowledge of and Adherence to Health Advice among Adults with Diabetes in Libyahttp://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/2208/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Background: Non-adherence to medical and health care advice is a common problem, though reasons for non-adherence can differ across different groups and societies as well as between individuals. Objective: to examine diabetes knowledge among people with both type1 and type2 diabetes in Libya and explore any other factors that enhance adherence to treatment and management of the condition. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from adults with type1 or type2 diabetes who have been diagnosed for 12 months or more, in Benghazi Diabetes Centre, which is one of the oldest and largest diabetes registries in Libya. A total of 855 participants were asked to fill in two questionnaires; the "Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test" to investigate the level of diabetes knowledge and the Confidence in Diabetes Self-care Scale to assess self-efficacy. For the purpose of the study descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests were conducted. Results: Diabetes knowledge is very poor especially among females and those classed as illiterate within the sample. The mean HbA 1c of 9.4 was higher than the recommended levels. Four variables namely knowledge about diabetes, duration of illness, family history and self-efficacy significantly predicted levels of HbA 1c . Conclusion: Based on the above findings, two different program of diabetes education would be recommended. The first would target those with inadequate levels of knowledge about diabetes, particularly women and people with long duration diabetes. The second would be for both healthcare professionals and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes considering the psychological factors that are involved in diabetes management.

Illness perceptions of Libyans with T2DM and their influence on medication adherence: a study in a diabetes center in Tripoli

“…An early study of the epidemiological pattern of diabetes in Benghazi, Libya, found that the prevalence of T2DM was significantly higher among females than males ( 27 ). The predominance of females over males was also reported in a previous study among diabetics in the same center where our study was conducted ( 28 ) and in other Libyan diabetes settings ( 6 , 7 ). The respondents reported a low identity perception, indicating that they attributed few of the symptoms they had experienced after the diagnosis to their diabetes.…”

“…The issue of low therapeutic adherence in chronic diseases is generally greater in developing countries than in developed countries ( 5 ). In Libya, a previous study among diabetics at Benghazi Diabetes Centre reported a considerable rate of suboptimal medication adherence ( 6 ), and a more recent study in the same center found that non-adherence to diabetes management advice as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin level was considerable ( 7 ). Therefore, there is a need to identify the factors that could influence medication adherence among Libyan diabetic patients.…”

“…Overall, there is a paucity of research that relates psychological factors to patient behavior in the Libyan diabetes context. We identified one study that related self-efficacy – which is a close concept to one of the CSM illness perceptions, the personal control perception – to non-adherence to diabetes management advice ( 7 ). The aim of our paper was to assess diabetes illness perceptions among Libyans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the influence of their diabetes perceptions on their medication adherence.…”

Use of traditional medicine among type 2 diabetic Libyans

“…However, the predominance of females over males was probably merely a reflection of the sex pattern of type 2 diabetes (22). As reported in the present study, several other studies among people with diabetes in Libya have shown a preponderance of females over males (23)(24)(25).…”

Role of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Lifestyle Modifications Towards the Control of Hba1c Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in King Khalid University Hospital (Kkuh), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

“…Despite all of these aspects, an apparent gap exists between knowledge and the attitude towards diabetes among diabetic patients [10]. Results of studies from different countries including the GCC ones came out with the conclusion that the diabetes knowledge among diabetic patient is poor and not satisfactory [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”