Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the leishmaniases among inhabitants from a Paraguayan district in the border area between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay

Giménez-Ayala, Andrea; González-Brítez, Nilsa; Arias, Antonieta Rojas de; Ruoti, Mónica

doi:10.1007/s10389-018-0908-6

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This was in line with a study from Southern Iran (24). The finding in the current study was greater than the findings from Ethiopia (67.6%) (25), Paraguayan (71.0%) (26). However, it is lower than those from other research, which show that 97.3% and 92.2% of participants in Sri Lanka and Iran, respectively, have heard about CL before (27).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…The best way to prevent infection is to protect from sandfly bites by following these preventive measures to decrease the risk of being bitten. The use of personal protection is still considered the first line of prevention for leishmaniasis in endemic areas because sandfly eradication is difficult, chemoprophylaxis drugs are not effective and vaccines are still under development (26). Studies report that most of the participants did not use protective methods even though they know the importance of vector control as a key to prevent vector-borne diseases (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sodo District Southern Ethiopia

Gazu¹,

Nkosi

Kebede

2022

Preprint

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BackgroundIn Ethiopia, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a common infectious disease. However, existing knowledge on community awareness is scarce.ObjectiveObjectives is to access knowledge, attitude, and practices about CL in Sodo District.MethodsPrimary quantitative method using a cross-sectional descriptive approach was applied. Data were collected from face-to-face interviews held with 423 households between January to April 2018. Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were obtained by aggregating responses to questions. Levels of these outcomes were determined by dichotomizing the generated scores using their mean vales. Percentages, frequency and mean values were used to descriptively understand the data. Logistic regression was used to model the binary outcomes. R Package Version 3.02 was used to conduct the statistical analysis.ResultsOf 423 participants 263 (61.9%), 226 (53.4%), and 213 (50.4%) have satisfactory knowledge, favourable attitude, and good practice about leishmaniasis. Majority are unable to identify leishmaniasis and unaware of its cause and transmission. Sandfly is considered “important biting and blood-sucking insect” by 210 (49.6%) but knowledge on biting time and breeding place was unsatisfactory. Most believed CL can be treated, is a serious problem and have a disfiguring outcome. However, most (59.3%, n=251) prefer use of traditional medication. Concerning practice, 288 (68.1%) have bed nets but personal protective measures are rarely used.ConclusionThe level of overall knowledge and attitudes and practice in the current study was not adequate. This finding implies that there is a need for intensified education regarding CL.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sodo District Southern Ethiopia

Gazu¹,

Nkosi

Kebede

2022

Preprint

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“…Likewise, VL showed a rapid expansion towards the south-central part of South America, especially in the Central-West and Southeast regions of Brazil, between 1998 and However, the South region of the country also experienced the emergence of Leishmania infantum (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), causing VL. The rst case was recorded in São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, followed by epidemics in Argentina and Paraguay [2,8,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A piece of the puzzle: seasonality, distribution and Leishmania infection rates in sand flies on the Brazilian side of Foz do Iguaçu

Thomaz-Soccol

Gonçalves

Bisetto³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The recent geographic expansion of Leishmania infantum vectors in the triple border area of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay has highlighted the need to know the seasonality, parasite infection rate, and the factors that contribute the dispersal and handling of this parasite. Methods: Entomological, quantitative longitudinal studies were conducted in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, where sand fly abundance was higher in cross-sectional studies. Monthly sand fly samplings occurred in 2014-2015. LeishmaniaDNA was detected by PCR and subsequently sequenced, classified, and the infection rate was estimated. The study also featured an observational and descriptive design. Environmental variables were analyzed at the micro- and mesoscales, and the data were evaluated along with entomological and infection inputs. Results: A total of 3,582 sand flies were caught. Lutzomyia longipalpiswas the predominant species (71.5%) among 13 species found in one year of sampling. Four species, Evandromyia edwardsi, Expapillata firmatoi, Micropygomyia ferreirana, and Pintomyia christenseni were reported for the first time. The NDVI, distance from water, sex, west-to-east wind, and wind speed were significant variables for the intra-environment presence and/or abundance of vectors. The presence and/or abundance of vectors in peri-domicile were influenced by rain, altitude, maximum temperature, minimum and maximum relative humidity, west-to-east wind, wind speed, and sex. Considering PCR positivity, females infected with L. infantum were found throughout the year, and especially with Lu. longipalpis (prevalence means of 16.4). Conclusions: Vector colonization concentrates on urban and peri-urban hotspot areas, with some individuals being present in various parts of the city and few sites showing high vector abundance. This distribution suggests that the risk of actual contact between humans and parasitic vectors in urban areas during the epidemic period is associated with patches of peri-urban vegetation and then spreads across urban areas. We can state that, in the period of this study, the most critical transmission phase for L. infantum in the region is from January to May. Therefore, future management plants to reduce access to reservoirs might reduce sand fly infection and consequently human and animal infections.

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“…In the state of Paraná the first detection of vectors and dogs diagnosed with cVL was in 2012, while the first human case was recorded in 2016 [41–45]. In the South Region of Brazil, VL occurs primarily in cities bordering Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay [3, 9–11,46]. Currently, the disease is classified as ‘controlled’ in Brazil according with to its epidemiological scenario [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in central-southern Brazil: Evidence from an integrative approach

et al. 2019

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Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is the zoonotic agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a disease with a global distribution. The transmission scenario of VL has been undergoing changes worldwide, with the biologic cycle invading urbanized areas and dispersing the parasites into other previously free areas. The epidemiological cycle in Brazil has dispersed from the Northeast to other regions of the country. In this study, an integrative approach, including genotyping Brazilian strains of L . (L . ) infantum for 14 microsatellite markers and reviewing historical records of the disease, was used to assess dispersion routes throughout central-southern Brazil. Our results support three L . (L . ) infantum dispersion routes: A) dispersion from Bolivia to the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo via the Bolivia-Brazil gas pipeline from 1998 to 2005; B) VL dispersion from Paraguay to the Brazilian side of the triple border (Foz do Iguaçu and Santa Terezinha de Itaipu) during after 2012; and C) emergence of a new L . (L . ) infantum cluster in western Santa Catarina State and its dispersion to southern Paraná State (municipality of Pato Branco), after 2013. Hypotheses regarding possible entries of Leishmania (L . ) infantum into the area of the triple border are presented and discussed. Understanding how VL has dispersed is vital to the development of control measures for this disease and to avoid future dispersion events.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the leishmaniases among inhabitants from a Paraguayan district in the border area between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sodo District Southern Ethiopia

Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sodo District Southern Ethiopia

A piece of the puzzle: seasonality, distribution and Leishmania infection rates in sand flies on the Brazilian side of Foz do Iguaçu

Dispersion of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in central-southern Brazil: Evidence from an integrative approach

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