Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals Towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Public Hospitals of Harar Town, Eastern, Ethiopia 2020

Abstract

Adverse drug reaction is any noxious, unintended and undesired effect of a drug that occurs at doses used for prevention, diagnosis or treatment [1]. ADRs are defined as type A, type B, type C and type D [2]. Type A reaction (predictable) is related to dosage and is an extension to the normal pharmacology of the medication. Type B reaction (unpredictable) is unrelated to normal pharmacology.Type C reactions are associated with prolonged therapy e.g. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACTBackground: Adverse drug reaction is any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug which resulted from inadequate monitoring of therapy or inappropriate dosing. It may be unexpected, unknown and/or rare. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In some case it is lifethreatening and can be major determinants of treatment outcomes. All healthcare professionals are encouraged to report ADR, but under-reporting remains a major drawback of spontaneous reporting. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals towards ADR reporting and try to fill the information gap in the study area.Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of ADR reporting among health care professionals working at Public Hospitals in Harar Town Eastern Ethiopia 2020. Methodology: Health facility based cross sectional study was conducted on 238Health professional who are working in Public Hospitals of Harar Town Eastern Ethiopia. Sample allocates proportionately and study participant was selected by systematic random sampling method. Collected and checked data were entered into Epi Data software version 3.1 and analysis was done by SPSS version 21. Mean value were used to classify as good or poor knowledge, altitude and practice on ADR reporting. Finding was summarized and presented in forms of tables and statement. Result:The overall prevalence of good knowledge, altitude and practice of ADR reporting was 42.9 %, 34.5 % and 39.9 % respectively. Majority 158 (66.4%) of study participant does not feel that there are adequately trained on ADR reporting. While 206 (86.6 %) and 208 (87.4%) of health professional agree that reporting drug safety is important for the public and health care system. One third of health professionals 74 (31.4%, P = 0.002) significantly reported that there had encountered ADR. Conclusion and Recommendation:On this study majority respondent had poor knowledge, altitude and ADR Reporting practices. Therefore, Training provision, awareness creation, Strong and collaborative ADR reporting mechanisms, continuous monitoring and evaluation need to be established on each health institution.