Knowledge and attitudes of medical and pharmacy students about pharmacogenomics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students: A systematic review

“…One previous systematic review investigated the attitudes of patients, general practitioners, and pharmacists in primary care (included six studies with pharmacists), 88 and a recent one investigated the knowledge and attitudes of medical and pharmacy students toward PGx (included 13 studies with pharmacy studies). 29 The findings from this review and previous reviews reveal a global consensus among researchers and pharmacy professionals that PGx is gaining traction as a key avenue for applying precision medicine in healthcare. However, we have more work to do to prepare current and future pharmacists to take on the “PGx expert” role as a new standard of patient care.…”

“…27 Yet, some hesitate to share PGx information with other healthcare providers due to the lack of standardized PGx education currently incorporated into pharmacy programs. [28][29][30][31] Despite the advancement in high-quality PGx research, increased test and guideline availability, demonstrated feasibility and applicability of testing in pharmacy workflow, its widespread implementation in clinical pharmacy practice has remained limited. 22,27,32 To inform the future delivery of PGx education and clinical implementation, we aim to provide an overview of what is currently known regarding the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and confidence of pharmacists and pharmacy students toward PGx.…”

“… 27 Yet, some hesitate to share PGx information with other healthcare providers due to the lack of standardized PGx education currently incorporated into pharmacy programs. 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 …”

The Potential Roles of Pharmacists in the Clinical Implementation of Pharmacogenomics

“…"Pharmacogenomics" content is included in the accreditation standards of both the Canadian Council for Accreditation of Pharmacy Programs and the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, USA [19,20]. Despite having a positive attitude toward pharmacogenomic testing, pharmacy students showed low confidence in their preparation to use this knowledge in their practice, partly due to varying content and learning methods [21][22][23][24]. In a position statement from 2022, the ASHP (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists) emphasized pharmacists' responsibilities in the clinical application of pharmacogenomics [25].…”