Knowing what others know: Linking deception detection, emotion knowledge, and Theory of Mind in preschool

Nancarrow, Alexandra F.; Gilpin, Ansley T.; Thibodeau‐Nielsen, Rachel B.; Farrell, Carmen Brown

doi:10.1002/icd.2097

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Another predictor of faux pas understanding may be emotion understanding given that faux pas requires understanding of interpersonal emotion knowledge. A large body of work finds that emotion understanding predicts successful peer relationships as well as early theory of mind (Bartsch & Estes, ; Nancarrow, Gilpin, Thibodeau, & Farrell, ; Trentacosta & Fine, ). Emotion knowledge allows children to interpret causal factors influencing emotion reactions and to respond appropriately in everyday interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor skills predict faux pas understanding in middle childhood

Tenenbaum

Leonard

2020

Infant and Child Development

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This study examined emotion understanding and motor skills as predictors of children's understanding of faux pas.Faux paus situations are those in which someone causes unintentional offence or behaves inappropriately. Understanding of faux pas requires knowledge of social norms in specific situations as well as emotion understanding. Misunderstanding faux pas can prevent smooth social functioning.Fifty-six children (aged 7; 0 to 9; 11 years) completed a measure of faux pas understanding, emotion understanding, and motor skills. Children's faux pas understanding, emotion understanding, and motor skills were all related to each other. However, when age, motor skills, and emotion understanding were entered into a regression to predict faux pas understanding, only motor skills predicted understanding of faux pas. The findings are discussed in relation to potential pathways between motor skills and social understanding. Highlights• We examined relations between emotion understanding (Test of Emotion Comprehension), motor skills (Movement Assessment Battery for Children), and faux pas.• All three variables were related, but in a multiple regression with age, only motor skills predicted children's faux pas understanding.• Motor skills may contribute to children's smooth social functioning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor skills predict faux pas understanding in middle childhood

Tenenbaum

Leonard

2020

Infant and Child Development

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“…Appearance‐reality understanding may be an important aspect of children's propensity to share their resources with third parties as an index of the development of meta‐representation skills (i.e., the ability to build an inner perspective of what and how others represent the world from their own points of view), which is a crucial component of ToM (Rakoczy, 2022). For instance, when children develop ToM skills and are aware about the possibility that subjective perspectives on the world can deviate from their initial impressions, they may be able to detect deception (Nancarrow et al, 2018) or to build a meta‐representational understanding of other's expectations (i.e., by realizing that someone's else goals were not met; Hadwin & Perner, 1991). The development of such reasoning and the understanding of an external world perspective may help a child to act according to prosocial norms (Davidov et al, 2016; Yu et al, 2016), and may also explain the relationship between the capacity to consider what others are thinking and prosocial behaviour in children (Imuta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of socioeconomic status and appearance‐reality understanding on pre‐schoolers' sharing and generosity

Hashim

Fischer

Kim

et al. 2023

British J of Dev Psycho

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Prosocial behaviour can be defined as any voluntary action that is performed to benefit another individual. Despite accumulating evidence of the importance of environmental variables (e.g., socioeconomic status; SES), and individual characteristics (e.g., theory of mind – ToM – skills), in influencing prosocial behaviours in young children, it is unknown how these factors relate to the underlying motivations for prosocial behaviours. Accordingly, both extrinsically (sharing) and intrinsically (generosity)‐guided prosocial behaviours are measured in this study. We explore the influences of SES and ToM skills on young children's sharing behaviour and generosity, while controlling their age, working memory and language skills. Sixty‐six 4‐ to 6 year olds (Mage = 5.24 years, SD = 0.73) from diverse SES (measured by parental education level) and ethnic backgrounds in Singapore completed tasks assessing the ToM measures of false belief and appearance‐reality understanding, working memory, language skills, generosity, and sharing behaviour. The results of hierarchical regression analyses demonstrate that the father's education level and children's appearance‐reality understanding were significant predictors of sharing, after controlling for age, working memory, language skills, and the mother's education level. Children's appearance‐reality understanding was the sole predictor of children's generosity. Our findings highlight the impact of children's ability to hold different views of reality and their family's education levels on the development of sharing and generosity in early childhood.

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“…Human–robot interaction involves understanding how people behave and feel, as this helps the robot to interact with people in an appropriate manner [ 3 ]. Human emotion techniques have been used in security applications to identify people who are able to mask their emotions, often referred to as having a “poker face” [ 4 ], and in deception detection to detect when someone has not been truthful or accurate in their statements [ 5 , 6 ]. They have also been used for medical applications, including people with autism disorder who may not be able to use their body language, facial expressions, or spoken language to show how they feel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Facial Occlusion Challenge in Thermal Images for Human Affective State Recognition

Qudah

Mohamed

Lutfi

2023

Sensors

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Several studies have been conducted using both visual and thermal facial images to identify human affective states. Despite the advantages of thermal facial images in recognizing spontaneous human affects, few studies have focused on facial occlusion challenges in thermal images, particularly eyeglasses and facial hair occlusion. As a result, three classification models are proposed in this paper to address the problem of thermal occlusion in facial images, with six basic spontaneous emotions being classified. The first proposed model in this paper is based on six main facial regions, including the forehead, tip of the nose, cheeks, mouth, and chin. The second model deconstructs the six main facial regions into multiple subregions to investigate the efficacy of subregions in recognizing the human affective state. The third proposed model in this paper uses selected facial subregions, free of eyeglasses and facial hair (beard, mustaches). Nine statistical features on apex and onset thermal images are implemented. Furthermore, four feature selection techniques with two classification algorithms are proposed for a further investigation. According to the comparative analysis presented in this paper, the results obtained from the three proposed modalities were promising and comparable to those of other studies.

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Knowing what others know: Linking deception detection, emotion knowledge, and Theory of Mind in preschool

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Motor skills predict faux pas understanding in middle childhood

Motor skills predict faux pas understanding in middle childhood

The influence of socioeconomic status and appearance‐reality understanding on pre‐schoolers' sharing and generosity

Analysis of Facial Occlusion Challenge in Thermal Images for Human Affective State Recognition

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