Kinetics of styrene emulsion polymerization in the presence of montmorillonite

Chern, Chorng–Shyan; Lin, Jiang‐Jen; Lin, Yuqing; Lai, Shenghan

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2005.11.006

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Review of the related literature indicates that there are some efforts on the kinetic study of polymerization in the presence of nanosubstrates [13,14]. Considering "grafting from" reactions, Behling et al employed ATRP to graft polymer chains on clay layers [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Confinement effect of graphene nanoplatelets on atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene: grafting through hydroxyl groups

et al. 2014

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chains. Similar to the effect of graphene content, a reverse behavior was observed for the attached chains. Efficiency of grafting reactions along with the graft contents was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis, and thermogravimetry analysis. The grafting ratio of MPS modifier was calculated to be 9.7 % via the data of Si contents in the XPS survey scan data. Finally, the morphology of the functionalized graphene was studied by transmission electron microscopy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Confinement effect of graphene nanoplatelets on atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene: grafting through hydroxyl groups

et al. 2014

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“…10,17,[22][23][24][25] For emulsion polymerization there is a certain ratio monomer/ nanoclay (1: 0.125 wt.) until the polymerization rates are increased in the presence of layered silicate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 In the case of emulsion polymerization of styrene the reaction rate is enhanced by the presence of sodium montmorillonite, however the study handles only one level of inorganic filler. 10 In the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene in presence of laponite the silicate layers can be on the surface of the particle but also inside the emulsion-latex particle depending on the initiator nature. 7 In suspension polymerization of styrene in presence of different organophilic montmorillonites silicates are likely also inside the particle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Polymerization in Anionic Microemulsions in Presence of Layered Silicates

Fialová

Capek

Ianchiş

et al. 2007

Polym J

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The effect was studied of various layered silicates (sodium montmorillonite and different organomodified montmorillonites) on kinetics of styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BuA) in anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) microemulsion polymerization. The dependence of the polymerization rate on the conversion exhibits two rate intervals. The presence of layered silicates affects the conversion and polymerization rate of both St and BuA. The size of polymer particles increases with polarity of Cloisite and the increase is more pronounced in poly(butyl acrylate) particles. The kinetic, colloidal and molecular weight parameters are influence both by the monomer and layered silicate polarities. Different approaches (Ugelstadt, Nomura and Gilbert models) were used for evaluation of polymerization kinetics. The desorption constants (k des ) decrease in presence of the studied layered silicates (Cloisite Na, Cloisite 30B, Cloisite 20A). The decreasing values of the desorption constants in the presence of clays; demonstrate a clear effect, which implies the decreasing of the probability of the radical exit from particles in the presence of the layered silicates.KEY WORDS: Microemulsion Polymerization / Layered Silicates / Kinetics / Nanolatexes / Nanocomposites / The synthesis of nanoclay composites from dispersed systems exhibit an increased interest in the last years. The main reasons include the encapsulation of layered silicates, nanolayer stabilization, in situ polymerization of the monomers in intergalleries of the layered silicates and the possibility of obtaining hybrid particles and nanoparticles.1-5 Even through the numerous reports about emulsion, miniemulsion and suspension polymerization of different monomers in presence of layered silicate can be found in the literature, the kinetics data are rather rare. 1,6,7 Some other papers 8,9 deal with the bulk polymerization of selected monomers, for example methyl methacrylate in presence of montmorillonite (MMT). It was found that an optimal ratio of MMT/initiator (benzoyl peroxide) promotes an increase in the polymerization rate of methyl methacrylate. 8Presence of an organomodified montmorillonite also increases the polymerization rate of styrene in bulk polymerization. 9 In the case of emulsion polymerization of styrene the reaction rate is enhanced by the presence of sodium montmorillonite, however the study handles only one level of inorganic filler. 10In the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene in presence of laponite the silicate layers can be on the surface of the particle but also inside the emulsion-latex particle depending on the initiator nature. 7 In suspension polymerization of styrene in presence of different organophilic montmorillonites silicates are likely also inside the particle.11 For suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate in presence of organophilic montmorillonite the clay layers are situated both inside and on the surface of the latex particles.12 In this case, the kinetics of the monomer polymerization is much influenced by the presenc...

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“…Bulk polymerized methacrylates are widely used as materials in dentistry [34], but when polymerized in solution, they can be used as varnishes [35], and suspension polymerization results in acrylic beads [36]. Emulsion polymerization has been an important and widely used process for the manufacture of polymer products, e.g., paints, adhesives, coatings, and binders [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. One of the advantages of this process is the possibility of obtaining polymers of high molecular weight at a reasonable rate of reaction.…”

Section: Polymerization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally‐Friendly Acrylates‐Based Polymer Latices

Shukla¹,

Rai

2014

Advanced Materials for Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Safety

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Acrylic copolymers have achieved prime importance in various avenues of industrial application such as adhesive in packaging and construction, binder and stabilizer in textiles, base coat in leather, topcoat in fl oor polish, pigment binder in paper industries, etc. Acrylic resins are generally known to have superior exterior durability and weather resistance compared to other organic binders/fi lm-formers commonly used in surface coatings. Th e emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers provides a good combination of performance properties required in fi lm formation. Th ese properties depend on the copolymer composition, particle size, molecular weight, glass transition temperature (Tg), morphology of the latex particles, etc.In this chapter, the reaction components and polymerization process conditions that aff ect the inherent characteristics of the polymers are presented. Th ere is a discussion of the incorporation of comonomer, which would lead to an improvement in the fl exibility of fi lms produced along with adhesion, gloss, hardness, solvent resistance, water resistance, etc. Also, there is a recently developed successful approach for achieving balanced properties which involves the copolymerization of fi lm-forming monomers like acrylate and methacrylates with crosslinkable monomers.

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Kinetics of styrene emulsion polymerization in the presence of montmorillonite

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Confinement effect of graphene nanoplatelets on atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene: grafting through hydroxyl groups

Confinement effect of graphene nanoplatelets on atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene: grafting through hydroxyl groups

Kinetics of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Polymerization in Anionic Microemulsions in Presence of Layered Silicates

Environmentally‐Friendly Acrylates‐Based Polymer Latices

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