Kinetics of phenol biodegradation in the presence of glucose

Abstract

The kinetics of utilization of glucose, phenol, and their mixtures by fseudomonas putida (ATCC 17514) were studied with a continuously aerated, jacketed batch reactor operating at 28°C and pH 7.2. It was found that when glucose is the sole carbon and energy source, the culture utilizes it following Monod kinetics. When phenol is the sole carbon and energy source, the culture biodegrades it following Andrews (inhibitory) kinetics. When both glucose and phenol are present in the medium, the culture uses them simultaneously but with lower specific rates. Reduction of the specific substrate utilization rates indicates that the two substances are involved in a crossinhibitory pattern which can be classified as uncompetitive. The values of the kinetic interaction constants suggest that glucose inhibits the specific rate of phenol removal much more than phenol inhibits the specific rate of glucose utilization. The results suggest that substitutable substrates which are dissimilar in origin and molecular structure may be involved in an uncompetitive crossinhibitory interaction when they are simultaneously removed. It is also concluded that the use of easily degradable substrates may not enhance the per-unit amount of biomass removal of compounds which are classified as toxic. A general classification of kinetic interactions between substitutable resources is proposed. 0 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Detection of <i>meta</i> - and <i>ortho</i> -cleavage dioxygenases in bacterial phenol-degraders

“…These pollutants are usually treated in activated sludge processes because many aerobic bacteria and fungi are able to use phenol as a source of carbon and energy (Rebhun and Galil 1988;Watanabe et al, 1996). Biodegradation of phenol, therefore, has long been the subject of numerous investigations (Ruiz-Rrdaz et al, 2001;Chang et al, 1998;Fava et al, 1995;Abd-El-Haleem et al, 2003;Dean-Ross, 1989;Solomon et al, 1994;Ahmed et al, 1995;Alleman et al, 1995;Collins and daugulis, 1997;Fulthorpe and Allen, 1995;Lin et al, 1990;Morris and Lester, 1994;Ryu et al, 2000;Wang et al, 1996). A typical pathway for metabolizing an aromatic compound like phenol is to dihydroxylate the benzene ring to form a catechol derivative and then to open the ring through ortho or meta oxidation.…”

Upper consolute temperature of water-phenol systems with some additives

“…Thus the orders of UCT and CC are NH 4 Br > NH 4 SCN > NaBr > KI > RbCl > KCl> KBr > NaF > NaCl and NH 4 SCN > NaI > NaBr >NH 4 Br > NaCl > NaF > KBr > KI > KCl > RbCl, respectively, depicting a sequence of strength of ionwater interactions. The NaBr > NaF > NaCl trend of UCT and NaBr > NaCl > NaF of CC infer greater polarization [7][8][9][10][11] on Br -and effective nuclear charges on F -and Cl -, influencing anionic hydration. The AlCl 3 > MgCl 2 > NaCl order of UCT, KCl > CaCl 2 and CrCl 3 > FeCl 3 trends of CC infer the directive of ionic size and valence electrons.…”

“…Actually, the trends of oxalic > formic, citric > succinic of UCT and succinic > citric acid of CC, and UCT of oxalic > formic > citric > succinic and CC of oxalic > succinic > formic > citric indicate stronger hydrophilic interactions [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] of -COO -and -OH compared to those of the weaker hydrophobic interactions [13][14][15][16][17] of -CH 2 -of succinic and citric acids. Therefore, this basicity increases the UCT and CC values by 5.5%, but the equal number of -OH and 2-CH 2 -and 1-CH-of glycerol find UCT trend to be glycerol > 0.4 m urea > 0.6 m urea with a reverse trend for CC values.…”

Upper critical solution temperatures for immiscible solvent systems with halide salts, carboxylic acids, surfactants and polynuclear aromatic compounds and benzene derivatives

“…These influence the solubilities of water and phenol mutually to achieve a critical solvent-like behaviour with specific UCST values. Similarly the NaBr > NaF > NaCl order of UCST and NaBr > NaCl > NaF of CS values infer a greater polarisation [4][5][6][7] on Br À and effective The critical solubility (CS) is in percent, N refers to the number of data points and the reference temperature was 298.15 K. The x phenol , x water , and x additive represent mole fractions for phenol, water and additives, respectively. nuclear charge on F À and Cl À anions, respectively, to illustrate the order of their anionic hydrations.…”

“…By comparison, the sequence oxalic > formic, citric > succinic for the UCST and succinic > citric acid for the CS, and the UCST for oxalic > formic > citric > succinic and the CS for oxalic > succinic > formic > citric indicates a stronger hydrophilic interaction [4][5][6] by -COO À and -OH than those hydrophobic interactions [8][9][10] by -CH 2 -of succinic and citric acids. This reflects the fact that basicity of carboxylic acids increases UCSTs and increases CSs by 0.0110 mole fractions.…”